The events of October 2010, where terrorists managed to get explosive devices onboard of three passenger aircrafts and two air freighters, demonstrated weaknesses of the international air cargo and airmail security. Ever since, postal security has gained interest among policymakers and authorities. This study augments the limited body of academic literature on the topic by demarcating areas of ...

The commercial and industrial applications, namely, business form reading, bank cheque reading, and full postal address reading, have constituted the majority of the market for handwriting recognition technology. Devanagari is the most popular script in India and is used to write texts in Hindi, Marathi and Nepali languages. Significant amount of work has been done on Devanagari isolated charac...

A vision-based fast postal envelope identification system for moving machine printed Chinese postal envelopes is proposed. Our system uses a high-speed camera to capture the image of envelopes running on the convey device and then recognizes the postal address and postcode on the envelopes. A vocabulary of 4590 categories of characters are supported, which include 4516 frequently used Chinese c...

BACKGROUND Response rates by general practitioners (GPs) to postal surveys have consistently fallen, compromising the validity of this type of research. If postal survey work is to continue we need to understand GPs' reasons for not participating and respond appropriately. AIM To investigate GPs' reasons for not responding to postal surveys. METHOD A qualitative study was carried out to det...

This paper proposes a method of converting old addresses to current addresses for geocoding, with the aim of displaying on a map people who have such old addresses. Existing geocoding services often fail to handle old addresses since the names of towns, cities, or prefectures can be different from those of current addresses. To solve this geocoding problem, we focus on postal codes, extracting ...

This paper presents the method for developing matrix model of postal traffic flows (ordinary communication items) in public postal network according to volume and different end-to-end (E2E) processes, which can be used for selecting of relevant model for accessing the public postal network. The presented traffic matrix model can be adjusted after the measurement of real volumes and selecting th...

The Swiss people trust the authorities that polls are conducted legally. This trust made it possible to introduce postal voting in 1994. Since then Swiss voters automatically receive postal vote documents and may cast their vote by post without requiring any special reason to do so. Nowadays, this more convenient way to cast votes remotely is established: more than 90% of the votes are cast by ...

In a fully liberalized postal market, two business models will be possible for a new postal operator: (1) access: where the firm performs the upstream operations and uses the incumbent’s network for final delivery and (2) bypass where the competing firm controls the entire supply chain and delivers mails with its own network. The choice between access and bypass depends on the entrant’s deliver...