Market failures affecting economic growth in poor rural areas are firmly on the agenda but for goods and services with private good characteristics are generally not conceptualised and understood in ways that help policy analysis and formulation to recognise and address these failures. We need a greater recognition and understanding of the causes and nature of coordination failures which lead t...

Affordances of information communication technology (ICT) are often thought to influence communicators‟ usage of a communication technology. This is not surprising since ICTs vary on different dimensions; some ICTs may impose constraints while others afford certain resources. Despite the widespread usage of ICTs in the workplace, we are still not clear about how affordances of ICTs support comm...

The brain has limited capacity, and so selective attention enhances relevant incoming information while suppressing irrelevant information. This process is not always successful, and the frequency of such cognitive failures varies to a large extent between individuals. Here we hypothesised that individual differences in cognitive failures might be reflected in inhibitory processing in the senso...

To schedule precedence task graphs in a more realistic framework, we introduce an efficient fault tolerant scheduling algorithm that is both contention-aware and capable of supporting ε arbitrary fail-silent (failstop) processor failures. The design of the proposed algorithm which we call Iso-Level CAFT, is motivated by (i) the search for a better loadbalance and (ii) the generation of fewer co...

Product-service system (PSS) innovation is acknowledged as a promising way to achieve sustainability through better exploitation of given resources. Nevertheless, PSS implementation also described increasing failure risk for companies. Despite that authors have identified paradoxical situations source while implementing PSS, few researches focused on understanding the origin these paradoxes. In...

Robots are used in inaccessible or hazardous environments in order to alleviate some of the time, cost and risk involved in preparing men to endure these conditions. In order to perform their expected tasks, the robots are often quite complex, thus increasing their potential for failures. If men must be sent into these environments to repair each component failure in the robot, the advantages o...

A critical problem in building long systolic arrays lies in efficient and reliable synchronization. We address this problem in the context of synchronous systems by introducing probabilistic models for two alternative clock distribution schemes: tree and straight-line clocking. We present analytic bounds for the Probability of Failure and the Mean Time to Failure, and examine the trade-offs bet...

BACKGROUND Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) is a prospective risk assessment tool that has been widely used within the aerospace and automotive industries and has been utilised within healthcare since the early 1990s. The aim of this study was to explore the validity of FMEA outputs within a hospital setting in the United Kingdom. METHODS Two multidisciplinary teams each conducted an ...