The clonal selection theory first proposed by Macfarlane Burnet is a cornerstone of immunology (1). At the time, it revolutionized the thinking of immunologists because it provided a simple explanation for lymphocyte specificity, immunological memory, and elimination of self-reactive clones (2). The experimental demonstration by Nossal & Lederberg (3) that B lymphocytes bear receptors for a sin...

THi Royal College of Physicians in Edinburgh was founded in 1681. At the time of its foundation there were twenty-one founder fellows. Among the original fellows were Robert Sibbald, already a distinguished physician and man of science; Thomas Burnet of Crimond, Physician to the King in Scotland and author of the popular Thesaurus Medicinae Practicae;11 Andrew Balfour who, with Sibbald, had fou...

The development of principles to guide the Victorian Alcohol and Drug Service System is supported by the Centre for Research Excellence into Injecting Drug Use (CREIDU) based at the Burnet Institute. While we have a particular interest in the service system from the perspective of people who inject drugs, our comments are broader. We believe that the principles need to reflect changes to servic...

Reflecting on his scientific career toward the end of his life, the French-educated medical researcher René Dubos presented his flowering as an ecological thinker as a story of linear progression-the inevitable product of the intellectual seeds planted in his youth. But how much store should we set by Dubos's account of his ecological journey? Resisting retrospective biographical readings, this...

Control of temperature and duration of partial carbonization for Chinese medicines have been mainly based on experience of the processors. No quantitative methods and parameters are available that can be used to precisely control the temperature and determine the energy changes during the process. In our research, with a simulated atmosphere air condition, the partial carbonization processes of...

On the basis of "three sigma" rule, a statistical stratification Ukrainian effective community into economic welfare groups according to their social and status has been carried out, thus creating for substantiating expediency reforming forage production sector in order further expand organic livestock products through up-to-date approaches formation use climate adaptive feed-related phytocenos...

principles of the student of general biology, who has been universally neglected in favor of the more specialized student of infectious diseases. It is designed primarily for the college senior or graduate student in biology; the references are intended to be illustrative of points requiring special emphasis rather than exhaustive in scope. The preface states: "Many controversial problems have ...

T HE WALTER AND ELIZA HALL Institute of Medical Research in Melbourne, Australia is probably the world’s best known research center devoted to the study of immunology. This recognit ion was gained under the leadership of its third director, Sir Frank Macfar lane Burnet, who headed the Institute from 1944 to 1965. Subsequent ly, the Institute has shown explosive growth under the leadership of it...

Socrates and Meno reach two different conclusions: in the first part of the dialogue, that virtue is knowledge and can therefore be taught; in the second, that it is reliable true opinion and can therefore be acquired only by divine inspiration. Taking into account Socrates’ role as a teacher (of his interlocutors and of Plato) and Plato’s role as a teacher (of us), I show that neither of these...