In this paper, a new model based on the thevenin equivalent circuit for investigating the ultra-saturation phenomenon during the energization of a loaded power transformer is presented and its effect on the differential protection of the transformer is considered. The ultra-saturation phenomenon causes the mal-operation of the power transformer differential protection. So, the description a...

From a safety and security point of view, the electrical energy distribution infrastructure needs to be protected.. In this paper solutions to increase the safety aspects of substation components, power lines and power transformers are discussed. Also security solutions related to perimeter intrusion detection in substations and remote surveillance of power transformer installations are introdu...

The tremendous growth in derivative markets around the world and the high quality of information about these instruments that is widely available, offers us a new opportunity harness their unique return distribution characteristics for building portfolios that conform more closely to investor preferences than is possible with mean-variance analysis and portfolio insurance techniques for downsid...

In this paper, a new model based on the thevenin equivalent circuit for investigating the ultra-saturation phenomenon during the energization of a loaded power transformer is presented and its effect on the differential protection of the transformer is considered. The ultra-saturation phenomenon causes the mal-operation of the power transformer differential protection. So, the description a...

Power cable is widely used in Extra High Voltage (EHV), High Voltage (HV) transmission, Medium Voltage (MV) sub-transmission, and MV / Low Voltage (LV) distribution applications. Basically, the protection principles used for cable are similar with the ones for overhead transmission line. However, the inherent characteristics of cables make its fault behavior more complicate than that of transmi...

A directional overcurrent relay is commonly used to protect the power distribution networks of a distributed system. The selection appropriate settings for relays an important component protection strategies isolate faulty parts rapid growth generation (DG) systems present new challenges these schemes. effect solar photovoltaic plants on coordination studied initially in this research work. str...

This article presents the characteristics of power supply protection in dc shipboard systems utilizing deexcitation a synchronous generator, which has been used to achieve breakerless scheme. From state-of-the-art analyses on and ship protection, analytical expressions short-circuit fault are introduced with consideration generator dynamics deexcitation. The rectifier based expression, is exami...

In this paper, we introduce a new skewed distribution of which normal and power normal distributions are two special cases. This distribution is obtained by taking geometric maximum of independent identically distributed power normal random variables. We call this distribution as the power normal--geometric distribution. Some mathematical properties of the new distribution are presented. Maximu...

in methods presented to calculate the voltage collapse point, the transmission system is usually the only part of the power system that is completely modeled. distribution systems are often replaced by aggregate load models because the use of the detailed model of distribution systems in voltage stability analysis not only increases the computation time, but also decreases the probability of co...