In Early Modern Persian prose and verse, verbs with a present stem accompanied by grapheme "-y" have been used to express modal concepts of imperative and command or invocation and request. Researchers, regardless of the historical changes of Early Modern Persian, believe that this structure of  subjunctive 2nd person singular has been used to express imperative mood, and that &q...

the present study was conducted to compare the effect of individual and group pre-task planning on efl learners’ accuracy and complexity in speaking. to fulfill the purpose of the study, 60 intermediate female learners at the first grade of high school were chosen by means of a sample preliminary english test (pet) and randomly divided into two experimental groups of 30 students; the individual...

background: this work investigated the dosimetry limitations of the random and systematic uncertainties of sliding window (sw) intensity modulated radiation therapy (imrt). materials and methods: a varian 21ex linear accelerator, pinnacle3 treatment planning system and radiographic film dosimetry was used. the limitations of the sw were studied using beam modulation ranging from 2 to 100 mu/bea...