Circulating leptin levels are elevated during the later stages of pregnancy in mammals, suggesting that maternal leptin may play a role in maintenance of pregnancy and/or preparation for parturition and lactation. The regulation and source of circulating leptin during pregnancy remains undetermined, but leptin mRNA levels increase in adipose tissue during this time in some species. Considerable...

BACKGROUND Little is known about rates of incident pregnancy among HIV-positive women initiating highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). METHODS We conducted a retrospective clinical cohort study among therapy-naïve women ages 18-45 initiating HAART between 1 April 2004 and 30 September 2009 at an adult HAART clinic in Johannesburg, South Africa. We used Poisson regression to characteri...

The road environment can affect driver speed choice through influencing both the driver’s perception of their current speed, and the speed that they think is appropriate for the road. These influences and their effects on speed can therefore affect crash rates. This report reviews the influence of various factors within the road environment, including the geometry of the road, the roadside envi...

This report examines a myriad of research on teenage pregnancy across the United States and specifically the state of Texas to elucidate the correlates involved with teenage pregnancy rates. This research includes studies compiled mostly from the 2010 census in Texas counties and employs a multiple regression analysis of the variables to determine the statistical significance of each one in rel...

BACKGROUND Atosiban is administered to women undergoing in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) to improve pregnancy outcomes. However, the results of this treatment were controversial. We conducted this meta-analysis to investigate whether atosiban improves pregnancy outcomes in the women undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF). METHODS Databases of PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Ch...

Objective Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is highly associated with anovulatory infertility, features of the metabolic syndrome, including obesity, insulin resistance and dyslipidemia. Serum concentrations of high sensitive C- reactive protein (hs-CRP) were significantly higher in obese than in non-obese PCOS patients at baseline suggesting that the relationship between elevated hs-CRP levels ...

BACKGROUND While the rate of unintended pregnancy has declined in the United States in recent years, unintended pregnancy among teens in the United States is the highest among industrialized nations, and disproportionately affects minority teens. OBJECTIVE Our objective of this secondary analysis was to estimate the risk of unintended pregnancy for both Black and White teens age 15-19 years w...

The United States has the highest rates of adolescent pregnancy of any Western industrialized country. Addressing these high rates and preventing adolescent pregnancy are complicated tasks. This article addresses some of the issues involved with preventing adolescent pregnancy, focusing on contraception.

Background Coasting is the most common method used in the prevention of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) acting through vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) reduction. However, the pregnancy rate is reported to fall with coasting when it takes more than three days. Recently lowdose cabergoline, a selective D2 dopamine receptor agonist has been proven to selectively reduce vascular ...

BACKGROUND In IVF treatment a considerable proportion of women are faced with a low number of oocytes retrieved. These poor responders have reduced pregnancy rates compared with normal responders. However, this may not be applicable to all poor responders. This review aims at identifying patient characteristics and ovarian reserve tests (ORT) that will determine prognosis for pregnancy in poor ...