AIM To study the relation between erythrocyte Na(+),K(+)-ATPase subunit isoform composition, Na(+),K(+)-ATPase activity, and cation pump function in preterm and term neonates. DESIGN Erythrocyte Na(+),K(+)-ATPase subunit isoform abundance, Na(+),K(+)-ATPase activity, and cation pump function were studied in blood samples obtained from 56 preterm neonates of 28-32 weeks gestation (group 1), 58...

A crucial issue in neonatal medicine is the impact of preterm birth on the developmental trajectory of the brain. Although a growing number of studies have shown alterations in the structure and function of the brain in preterm-born infants, we propose a method to detect subtle differences in neurovascular and metabolic functions in neonates and infants. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (f...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate whether light-emitting diode (LED) phototherapy is as efficacious as compact fluorescent tube (CFT) phototherapy for the treatment of non-hemolytic jaundice in healthy term and late preterm neonates. STUDY DESIGN Multi centre open label randomized controlled trial. SETTING Four tertiary care neonatal units. SUBJECTS Healthy term and late preterm neonates with non-hem...

Bacterial and fungal sepsis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in neonates. Infection rates are high in infants treated in intensive care units, with the highest rates, of around 30%, occurring in extremely immature preterm neonates. A survey of neonatal infection at Yale University, ongoing since 1928, has documented a decline in neonatal septic deaths commensurate with the establishm...

AIMS To determine whether it is possible to assess baroreflex sensitivity in neonates by studying only spontaneous variation in systolic blood pressure and heart rate. METHODS ECG and non-invasive blood pressure signals were continuously studied in 14 preterm neonates (term 29-32 weeks) and five term neonates (term 40-41 weeks). Non-invasive blood pressure measures were obtained using a Finap...

Aperia, A., Broherger, O., Thodenius, K. and Zetterstrom, R. (Department of Paediatrics, Karolinska Institutet, S:t Gciran’s Children’s Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden). Developmental study of the renal response to an oral salt load in preterm infants. Acta Paediatr Scand 63: 517, 1974.-An evaluation of sodium homeostasis in 44 preterm infants with gestational ages between 29 and 37 weeks has been ...

To determine the effects of length of gestation and sex on infant body composition, air displacement plethysmography was performed in forty-six full-term neonates at 3 d of life and during the week prior to hospital discharge in 180 preterm neonates. Fat mass, as a percentage of body weight, was higher in preterm than in term infants (13.4 (SD 4.2) v. 10.1 (sd 3.7) %, respectively; P= 0.001). T...

OBJECTIVE To describe temporal changes in systolic, diastolic, and mean blood pressure (SBP, DBP, and MBP, respectively) in term and preterm infants immediately after birth. METHODS Prospective observational two-center study. In term infants SBP, DBP, and MBP were assessed non-invasively every minute for the first 15 minutes, and in preterm infants every minute for the first 15 minutes, as we...

In the United States, the annual rate of preterm births (before 37 weeks of gestation) reached a peak of 12.8% in 2006 and was 11.7% in 2011.1 The rate in the United States remains nearly twice the rate in European nations.2 Premature birth in the United States accounts for 35% of deaths in the first year of life3,4 and estimated annual costs exceeding $26 billion.5 Rates of death in the first ...

intraventricular hemorrhage (ivh) is one of the major causes of the cerebral palsy and mental retardation. prevention and early management of these neurologic developmental problems will require determining the perinatal risk factors associated with this clinical entity. pneumothorax increase the risk of ivh, and cause of pneumothorax has an important effect in severity of ivh. this is a prospe...