introduction: c - reactive protein (crp) is an acute-phase plasma protein that can be used as a marker of activation of the immune system. in response to several inflammatory reactions,the concentration of crp increases and recently have been applicated as a cancer detector in some studies. we aimed to evaluate the relation between crp level and the staging and grading of gastric and colon mali...

Patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome are at risk to develop a variety of different cancers. Based on epidemiological data, Kaposi's sarcoma and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma have been clearly associated with infection by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Additional cancers such as basal cell and squamous cell carcinomas, melanoma, and hepatocellular carcinoma have also been repor...

BACKGROUND The risk of presenting with oesophageal cancer is associated with Barrett's oesophagus, with a higher prevalence in some Asian and African countries. Human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA has been identified in oesophageal carcinomas, which share common features with cervical cancers and originate in stratified epithelium. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sixty-eight paraffin-embedded tissue biopsie...

Ras proteins are critical nodes in cellular signaling that integrate inputs from activated cell surface receptors and other stimuli to modulate cell fate through a complex network of effector pathways. Oncogenic RAS mutations are found in ∼25% of human cancers and are highly prevalent in hematopoietic malignancies. Because of their structural and biochemical properties, oncogenic Ras proteins a...

BACKGROUND Telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) promoter mutations that may affect telomerase activity have recently been described in human malignancies. The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical correlates of TERT promoter abnormalities in a large cohort of patients with diverse cancers. METHODS This study analyzed TERT promoter alterations and clinical characteristics of...

Prostate cancer (PCa), which is among the most prevalent types of in men, a prominent topic imaging research. The primary aim PCa to acquire more accurate characterizations disease. More precise local stage progression, early discovery metastatic cancers, reliable diagnosis oligometastatic cancer, and optimum treatment response evaluation are areas contemporary quickly improving developing. Ima...

BACKGROUND Low-dose computed tomography (CT) for lung cancer screening can reduce lung cancer mortality. The National Lung Screening Trial reported a 20% reduction in lung cancer mortality in high-risk smokers. However, CT scanning is extremely sensitive and detects non-calcified nodules (NCNs) in 24-50% of subjects, suggesting an unacceptably high false-positive rate. We hypothesized that by r...

Patients with poorly differentiated thyroid cancers (PDTC), anaplastic thyroid cancers (ATC), and radioactive iodine-refractory (RAIR) differentiated thyroid cancers have a high mortality, particularly if positive on [(18)F]fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-positron emission tomography (PET). To obtain comprehensive genetic information on advanced thyroid cancers, we designed an assay panel for mass spe...

Mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 increase a woman's lifetime risk of developing breast cancer by 43% to 84%. It was originally postulated that BRCA1/2-associated breast cancers develop more rapidly than sporadic cancers and may lack preinvasive lesions. More recent studies have found preinvasive lesions in prophylactic mastectomy specimens from mutation carriers; however, there is little informatio...