abstract marketing element’s contrastive behaviors toward price risk had considerable effect on marketing margin in a way that transferring increase in price to final consumer, reduces purchasing power and so consumption amounts of consumers. present study evaluated effective parameters on marketing margin in 2 level of ranch-processing and processing- retail of beef and lamb with consideration...

selection of best demand model for explaining of consumer behaviour is one of the most important issues in microeconomic. in this paper we introduce aids[1],cbs[2], nbr[3] and rotterdam model and estimate these models by iranian urban households data for period 1973-2012.seemingly unrelated regression method is chosen for estimation of 5 groups of commodities including food, housing, clothing, ...

Abstract: On December 2010, the government of Iran ended the decades-long subsidy program for bread and energy products and launched the Targeted Subsidy Reform program that considerably raised prices of food products. The objective of the study was to measure welfare impacts of food price changes on Iranian urban households between two survey data of 2009/10 and 2011/12 which were taken from I...

We introduce a measure of elasticity of stochastic demand, called the elasticity of the lost-sales rate, which offers a unifying perspective on the well-known newsvendor with pricing problem. This new concept provides a framework to characterize structural results for coordinated and uncoordinated pricing and inventory strategies. Concavity and submodularity of the profit function, as well as s...

Interregional labor mobility improves the allocation of labor and provides a means of insurance against income risks (Wildasin, 1995). This paper studies labor mobility in a simple version of the speci...c factors model where domestic factors are geographically immobile. I take the perspective of a region which faces an uncertain and less than in...nitely elastic export demand schedule but is a...

The evaluation of the impact of an increase in gasoline tax on demand relies crucially on the estimate of the price elasticity. This paper presents an extended application of the Partially Linear Additive Model (PLAM) to the analysis of gasoline demand using a panel of US households, focusing mainly on the estimation of the price elasticity. Methodologically, we propose a root-n consistent esti...

as an industrial crop, sugar beet plays an important role in meeting domestic demand for sugar. given the higher level of imported sugar iniran, the application of protectionist policies is an approach for supplying required sugar. one of these policies is technological improvement. in order to study the effect of this policy, sugar beet supply and demand equations in 1971-2008 were fitted by t...

implementation of effective input policies and technology consistent with production structure contributes to the economic use of the production. understanding the price elasticity of input and relationship between inputs in the agricultural sector is helpful in choosing appropriate input policy. in this study we examine the production structure of pistachio in damghan. to achieve the goal, tra...