نتایج جستجو برای: price reform
تعداد نتایج: 118488 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
OBJECTIVE Proposed Australian healthcare reforms describe a move towards partial Commonwealth funding of public hospitals, whereby hospitals will be paid an 'efficient price' for each separation, incorporating both the costs and benefits of services. This paper describes a potential approach to setting the efficient price using risk adjusted cost-effectiveness (RAC-E) analysis. METHODS RAC-E ...
In many public policy problems, we need to estimate the way in which policy changes affect people’s behavior. In the analysis of tax and subsidy reform, which is the topic of this paper, we need to know how tax-induced price changes affect the amounts that people buy of the taxed goods. We present various economic and statistical approaches to obtaining the estimates that are required. We consi...
We consider price competition models for oligopolistic markets, in which a significant part of the product or service price is paid by a third party, as a subsidy. The consumer is, therefore, impacted by the net price, defined as the difference between the nominal price and the subsidy, while the firms earn the full nominal price, partially paid by the subsidizing third party and the remainder ...
The OFT report into the Pharmaceutical Price Regulation Scheme (PPRS) called for reform of the scheme, replacing existing profit and price controls with a system of value-based pricing (VBP). The report argued that VBP would be much more effective than the current PPRS both at providing value for money for the NHS and giving pharmaceutical companies the right incentives to invest in drugs in th...
Background: Socioeconomic indicators are the main factors that affect health outcome. Health price index (HPI) and households living costs (HLC) are affected by economic reform. This study aimed at examining the effect of subsidy targeting plan (STP) on HPI and HLC. Methods: The social accounting matrix was used to study the direct and indirect effects of STP. We chose 11 health r...
741 National Tax Journal Vol. LIV, No. 4 Abstract Market–based health care reform proposals typically rely on 1) consumer choice among competing health plans, 2) premiums paid out–of–pocket for higher priced plans, and 3) a significant out– of–pocket premium–price elasticity of health plan choice. Section 125 of the Internal Revenue Code exempts employee out–of–pocket premiums from personal inc...
In this paper we describe the Spanish electricity industry and its current regulatory regime. Special emphasis is given to the description and discussion of market design issues (including stranded cost recovery), the evolution of market structure, investment in generation capacity and network activities. We also provide a critical assessment of the 1997 regulatory reform, which did not succeed...
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