This paper describes the function and distribution of main morphological markers voice valency in Oceanic language Äiwoo: undergoervoice suffixes -i, -nyi(i), -ive, -eâ, -nâ, circumstantial clitic =Cä. It compares these functions distributions to those reconstructed for Proto-Oceanic transitivizing morphemes *-i *akin[i], suggests pathways change that can account many present-day Äiwoo forms as...

meduiiary thyroid carcinoma (mtc) occurs both sporadically and in the autosomal dominantly inherited multiple endocrine neoplasia (men) type 2 syndromes. the distinction between true sporadic mtc and a new mutation familial case is important for future clinical management of both the patient and family. the susceptibility gene for hereditary mtc is the ret proto-oncogene. dna analysis for germl...

Ancient (proto-) Bulgarians have long been thought of as a Turkic population. However, evidence found in the past three decades shows that this is not the case. Until now, this evidence has not included ancient mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) analysis. To fill this void, we collected human remains from the 8th to the 10th century AD located in three necropolises in Bulgaria: Nojarevo (Silistra region...

Relationships between proto-fuzzy concepts, crisply generated fuzzy concepts, and pattern structures are considered. It is shown that proto-fuzzy concepts are closely related to crisply generated fuzzy concepts in the sense that the mappings involved in the definitions coincide for crisp subsets of attributes. Moreover, a proto-fuzzy concept determines a crisp subset of attributes, which genera...

The case is made that the intracluster medium (ICM) in spiral-rich galaxy groups today probably has undergone much slower evolution than that in elliptical-rich groups and clusters. The environments of proto-clusters and proto-groups at z > 2 are likely similar to spiral-rich group environments at lower redshift. Therefore, like the ICM in spiral-rich groups today, the ICM in proto-groups and p...

In June 2012, the Piaoshan kiln site was excavated in Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, which hitherto proved to be the earliest known Chinese proto-porcelain kiln. Judging from the decorative patterns of unearthed impressed stoneware and proto-porcelain sherds, the site was determined to date to the late Xia (c. 2070-c. 1600 BC), the first dynasty of China. Here, we report on proton-induced X-ray emi...