HIGHLIGHTS A self-sufficient system is presented Energy generated by photovoltaic panels Rainwater captured and treated with ultraviolet lighting. This water used in toilets, pulping the use of drinking

544 The scientists at Engineering College of Lorena, Brazil and Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Colombia reported the effect of fungal pretreatment of sugarcane straw in the performance of the treated pulps. Fermentation time, fungal mycelium load and pretreatment scale were studied in the fungal treatment, and the best conditions were 15 days with Fungal treatment of sugarcane straw for organ...

The major components from Sappi Saiccor’s two bleaching streams of effluent were isolated and purified using chromatographic methods and characterised using NMR and other spectroscopic techniques. The major constituents extracted by organic solvents were identified as a sterol, fatty acids and lignin precursors and differ from the components identified in the pulping effluent stream.

Organosolv pulping performed in a high-pressure Soxhlet extractor using carbon dioxide as mild and recyclable acid is described.

Hemicelluloses consume alkali during kraft pulping and dissolve in the black liquor as a low energy fuel. Acidic pre-hydrolysis of softwood chips removes hemicelluloses but preserves cellulose content prior to pulping. This study compared mild (140 °C) with conventional commercial at two H-factors for wood thickness ranging from less than 2 mm over 6 mm. The chip increased oligomer yield showed...