We reported previously that the capsid protein (CP) of Potato virus A (PVA) is phosphorylated both in virus-infected plants and in vitro. In this study, an enzyme that phosphorylates PVA CP was identified as the protein kinase CK2. The alpha-catalytic subunit of CK2 (CK2alpha) was purified from tobacco and characterized using in-gel kinase assays and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectromet...

Corneal diseases are the main reason of vision loss globally. Constructing a corneal equivalent which has a similar strength and transparency with the native cornea, seems to be a feasible way to solve the shortage of donated cornea. Electrospun collagen scaffolds are often fabricated and used as a tissue-engineered cornea, but the main drawback of poor mechanical properties make it unable to m...

Hydroxyapatite/poly(vinyl alcohol) (Hap/PVA) composites have been proposed as a promising biomaterial for use in articular cartilage repair. In this study, HAp/PVA composite gels reinforced with cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) were prepared using the freeze/thaw method. The influence of CNC as a reinforcement on the structure of composite gels was investigated via Fourier transform infrared spectr...

We report fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) measurements of the translational diffusion of two fluorescent nanoprobes, rhodamine (R6G) and carboxytetramethylrhodamine (TAMRA), embedded in poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) solutions and gels. The diffusion coefficient was measured as a function of the PVA concentration and pH. Furthermore, we designed and built an optical chamber to determine ...

We report the effects of blending a non-conjugated polymer, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), with the precursor polymer of poly(p-phenylene vinylene) (PPV). After thermal conversion, the PVA/PPV blends show markedly different absorption and luminescence spectra than neat PPV, even in blends containing only 1 wt.% PVA. These changes coincide with the disappearance of the nanocrystalline domains present ...

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the behaviors of rat tooth germ (TG) cells cultured on poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA). It was found that TG cells suspended and aggregated to form three-dimensional spheroids on PVA. Compared with traditional monolayered cells on tissue culture polystyrene, TG cell spheroids on PVA obviously increased the alkaline phosphatase activity, the degree of minerali...

The applicability of acoustic emission (AE) techniques to monitor the mechanism of evolution of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fiber concrete damage under temperature fatigue loading is investigated. Using the temperature fatigue test, real-time AE monitoring data of PVA fiber concrete is achieved. Based on the AE signal characteristics of the whole test process and comparison of AE signals of PVA fib...

Novel 2D Ti3C2Tx (MXene)-reinforced polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) nanofibers have been successfully fabricated by an electrospinning technique. The high aspect ratio, hydrophilic surfaces, and metallic conductivity of delaminated MXene nanosheet render it promising nanofiller for high performance nanocomposites. Cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) were used to improve the mechanical properties of the nanofi...

Nitro blue tetrazolium polyvinyl alcohol film dosimeters, NBT-PVA were prepared and evaluated based on radiation-induced reduction of NBT2þ . NBT-PVA film dosimeters containing different concentrations of NBT dye from 1 to 5 mM were prepared in a solution of ethanol. The dosimeters were irradiated with U-ray from Co source at doses up to 50 kGy. UV/vis spectrophotometer was used to investigate ...

Poly (vinyl alcohol)-chitosan blend films were prepared by casting the respective polymer solutions. The glutaraldehyde was used as a cross-linking agent. A series of PVA-chitosan blends were prepared by varying the ratio of the constituents. Mechanical and physical properties of blended films such as tensile properties in the dry and wet states, water uptake, surface tension and contact angle ...