We present some results regarding languages that are context-free or regular w.r.t. a non-deterministic binary operation on words that is left variable, only asking a few general properties like associativity. This could be part of a unified approach to intertextuality, the results referring, in particular, to important instances of ”putting texts together” operations like concatenation and shu...

Even if A Stir of Echoes (1958) has often been overshadowed by Richard Matheson’s best-known novels I Am Legend (1954) and The Shrinking Man (1956), it should be given the credit it deserves as a novel that functions both as a reflection as well as a source of intertextuality. A Stir of Echoes is rooted in the tradition of the ghost story and the American gothic, but above all, it comprises mot...

Information repositories containing text data of different languages are abundant on the World Wide Web. Digital corpora of sacred text of Islam related to Quran containing Arabic language are also publicly available. The availability of these corpora and intelligent application to analyze them are vital to better comprehend the religious text of Islam. In this paper I propose a method of repre...