Crystals of the drug-discharge outer membrane protein OprM (MW = 50.9 kDa) of the MexAB-OprM multidrug transporter of Pseudomonas aeruginosa have been grown at 293 K in the presence of 2-methyl-2,4-propanediol and a combination of surfactants. The crystal belonged to space group R32, with unit-cell parameters a = b = 85.43, c = 1044.3 A. Diffraction data for OprM were obtained using the undulat...

High-resolution far-infrared reflection and polarized ellipsometry, as well as Raman scattering temperature-dependent measurements are used to study spin-phonon and electron-phonon interactions in rare-earth (RE) iron borates with the R32 structure of a natural mineral huntite, namely, in RFe3(BO3)4 with R1⁄4Pr, Nd, and Sm. Pronounced peculiarities in the ω(T) dependences at the Néel temperatur...

Crystals of baculovirus-expressed adeno-associated virus serotype 1 (AAV1) capsids have been grown in the rhombohedral space group R32 (unit-cell parameters a = 254.7 A, alpha = 62.3 degrees) and shown to diffract X-rays to at least 2.5 A resolution. The diffraction data were subsequently processed and reduced with an overall R(sym) of 12.3% and a completeness of 89.0%. Based on the unit-cell v...

Aspartate transcarbamoylase (ATCase) catalyzes the first step in the pyrimidine biosynthetic pathway, the reaction between carbamoyl phosphate and L-aspartate to form N-carbamoyl-L-aspartate and phosphate. The structural analysis of the ATCase catalytic trimer from Methanococcus jannaschii, a unicellular thermophilic archaeabacterium, has been undertaken in order to gain insight into the struct...

Industrial agglomeration policies may limit competition. We develop, validate, and apply a novel approach for measuring competition based on the comovement of markups market shares among firms in same location industry. Then we develop model how this reduction affects aggregate income. our to well-known special economic zones (SEZs) China. estimate that SEZs exhibit cooperative pricing almost t...

The high-tech sector is concentrated in a small number of cities. ten largest clusters computer science, semiconductors, and biology account for 69 percent, 77 59 percent all US inventors, respectively. Using longitudinal data on 109,846 I find that geographical agglomeration results significant productivity gains. When an inventor moves to city with large cluster inventors the same field, she ...

5'-deoxy-5'-methylthioadenosine phosphorylase (MTAP) catalyzes the phosphorolytic cleavage of 5'-deoxy-5'-methylthioadenosine (MTA), a byproduct of polyamine biosynthesis. The Sulfolobus sulfataricus genome encodes two MTAPs. SsMTAP I has broad substrate specifity, accepting guanosine, inosine, adenosine and MTA, while SsMTAP II is specific for MTA. SsMTAP I forms a donut-shaped hexamer, while ...

An intact human immunoglobulin with a full-length hinge has been crystallized for the first time in a form in which all of the Ig domains are ordered. The IgG1 antibody b12 is one of only three known monoclonal antibodies described that potently neutralize a broad range of HIV-1 primary isolates. It binds to an epitope overlapping the conserved CD4 binding site on the viral surface antigen gp12...

The enzyme tRNA(m(1)G37)methyltransferase (TrmD) catalyzes the transfer of a methyl group from S-adenosyl-L-methionine (AdoMet) specifically to guanosine at position 37 within a subset of tRNA species in bacteria. The modified guanosine is next to the anticodon and is important for the maintenance of the correct reading frame during translation. TrmD from Haemophilus influenzae with both N- and...