Background: The Ural region is highlighted among other Russian regions for its unfavorable radiation situation and complexity of the overall environmental situation. The source of man-made radioactive contamination is the work of the "Mayak" Production Association. A significant radioactive contamination has happened as a result of several radiation incidents in the early period ...

Emanation of radon (Rn) from several brands of cat (kitty) litter was measured with a continuous radon monitor. Radon emanating from the cat litters, encapsulated in an airtight container, produced equilibrium concentrations below 1.2 pCi/g. The measured radon flux was below 10 pCi/kg-hr for all the cat litters. Although each of the samples emitted a measurable amount of radon, the emanation is...

It is shown that a nontrivial quantum structure of our space at macroscopic scales, which may exist as a relic of quantum gravity processes in the early universe, gives rise to a new fundamental phenomenon: spontaneous origin of an interference picture in every physical process. This explains why statistical distributions in radioactivity measurements may be different from the Poisson distribut...

1. The only valid (necessary and sufficient) condition for -stability of a nucleus is the minimum value of the mass of the atom (not of the nucleus) on the isobar line (that is, atomic weight = const). This condition holds true for all known isotopes without exception. 2. The condition of nuclear stability and the decay schemes of unstable nuclei depend on the state of the electron shells. Ato...

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This paper presents a physical random number generator for mainly cryptographical applications based on alpha decay of Americium 241. A simple and low-cost implementation is shown to detect the decay events of a radioactive source often found in common household smoke detectors. Three different algorithms for the extraction of random bits from the exponentially distributed impulses are discusse...

The inactivation of the phages T1, T2, T3, T5, T7, and lambda by decay of incorporated P(32) has been studied. It was found that these phages fall into two classes of sensitivity to P(32) decay: at the same specific activity of P(32) in their deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), T2 and T5 are inactivated three times as rapidly as T1, T3, T7, and lambda. Since the strains of the first class were found t...

The traditional Markowitz MVO approach is based on a single-period model. Single period models do not utilize any data or decisions beyond the rebalancing time horizon with the result that their policies are myopic in nature. For long-term investors, multi-period optimization offers the opportunity to make wait-and-see policy decisions by including approximate forecasts and long-term policy dec...

The accuracy of radioisotopic ages is, at present, limited by the accuracy of radioactive decay constants. A literature survey reveals that decay constants used in geoand cosmochronology usually are assigned uncertainties of ca. 1% but that there are very much larger unaccounted discrepancies between decay constants reported by different “counting groups” as well as differences between results ...

The University of Texas Medical Branch (UTMB) at Galveston is a large academic medical center with about 12,700 employees, 350 radioisotope research labs and 200 permitted radioactive materials users. Consequently, UTMB generates a fairly large amount of radioactive waste. The majority of this waste contains short-lived radionuclides, such as 32P, 33P, and 35S, which are held for decay and then...