a Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR 8235, Laboratoire Interfaces et Systèmes Electrochimiques, F-75005 Paris, France. e-mail: [email protected] b Sorbonne Universités, CNRS, UMR 8235, Laboratoire Interfaces et Systèmes Electrochimiques, F-75005 Paris, France. c Laboratoire de Chimie Physique, CNRS UMR 8000, Université Paris-Sud, Bat 350, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France. e-mail:...

Introduction: Radiolytic dissociation of water produces a highly reactive combination of oxidizing (e.g., H 2 O 2 , OH radicals, and O 2) and reducing (e.g., H atoms and H 2) species [1]. In subsurface environments , radiolysis can produce gradients of both electron acceptors and electron donors that are possible sources of metabolic energy [2]. Radiation-induced chemical reactions have particu...

The oxidants produced by radiolysis and photolysis in the icy surface of Europa may be necessary to sustain carbon-based biochemistry in Europa's putative subsurface ocean. Because the subduction of oxidants to the ocean presents considerable thermodynamic challenges, we examine the formation of oxygen and related species in Europa's surface ice with the goal of characterizing the chemical stat...

The optical and surface-energy properties of polyethylene (PE) subjected to γ-irradiation post-radiation, high temperature, shear grinding are presented. Comparison the IR spectra initial γ-irradiated PE shows that oxygen-containing groups unsaturated bonds in polymer macromolecules formed accumulate during their radiolysis air, increasing with dose. A redistribution products radiation-chemical...

When coupled with transient absorption spectroscopy, pulse radiolysis, which utilizes high-energy electron pulses from an accelerator, is a powerful tool for investigating the kinetics and thermodynamics of a wide range of radiation-induced redox and electron transfer processes. The majority of these investigations detect transient species in the UV, visible, or near-IR spectral regions. Unfort...

Radical cations were generated from different phenyl-substituted aziridines by pulse radiolysis in aqueous solution containing TlOH.+, N3. or SO4.- as oxidants or in n-butyl chloride, by 60Co gamma radiolysis in Freon matrices at 77 K, and in some cases by flash photolysis in aqueous solution. Depending on the substitution pattern of the aziridines, two different types of radical cations are fo...

Compacted and water saturated bentonite will be used as an engineered barrier in deep geological repositories for radioactive waste in many countries. Due to the high dose rate of ionizing radiation outside the canisters holding the nuclear waste, radiolysis of the interlayer and pore water in the compacted bentonite is unavoidable. Upon reaction with the oxidizing and reducing species formed b...

Superoxide reductase SOR is an enzyme involved in superoxide detoxification in some microorganisms. Its active site consists of a non-heme ferrous center in an unusual [Fe(NHis)(4) (SCys)(1)] square pyramidal pentacoordination that efficiently reduces superoxide into hydrogen peroxide. In previous works, the reaction mechanism of the SOR from Desulfoarculus baarsii enzyme, studied by pulse radi...