Due to the high population growth rate in the mid-20th century, the government of Ghana introduced population policies to reduce the population growth rate. Encouraging girls’ education and increasing contraceptive use were the two main policy measures to reduce population growth. Subsequently, the total fertility rate (TFR) declined rapidly from 6.0 in 1985 to 4.3 in 2003. Using 2003 Ghana Dem...

Four stylized facts of economic growth in DCs are set up initially. Despite its obvious simplicity the linear growth model with subsistence consumption is able to reproduce two of them: a rise in the saving rate along with per capita income as well as b-divergence. The rate of convergence shows extraordinarily low values at early stages of economic development. Hence, the big diversity in growt...

A matrix population model is a convenient tool for summarizing per capita survival and reproduction rates (collectively vital rates) of a population and can be used for calculating an asymptotic finite population growth rate (λ) and generation time. These two pieces of information can be used for determining the status of a threatened species. The use of stage-structured population models has i...

Connecting isolated patches of habitat in fragmented landscapes with corridors is a popular conservation strategy. This strategy is also controversial in large part because of uncertainty about what characteristics of a species and its environment promote corridor use. In this article we address the question, For what types of species will populations benefit from corridors? We asked this quest...

in this study we investigated the impacts of population increase on life quality, with a special focus on its impact on the natural resources and environmental issues. this analysis was conducted using data over a 16 year period. since water is one of the most important factors contributing to the growth and development of countries, the increase in population size, industry sector growth, urba...

nowadays, population growth and on the other hand resources limitations astonish authorities. population changes cause variation in economic activities and land use changes. as a whole, overusing, improper land use and human disturbances over natural resources make environmental imbalances worse. in recent decades, we have seen land use changes in taleghan basin. land use changes were produced ...

Why have some countries done so much better than others over the recent past? In order to shed new light on this issue, this paper provides a decomposition of the change in the distribution of output–per–worker across countries over the period 1960–98. The main finding of the paper is that most of the change in shape of the world distribution of income between 1960–1998 can be accounted for by ...

It is obviously possible in any country or community of reasonable size to determine an empirical equation, by ordinary methods of curve fitting, which will describe the normal rate of population growth. Such a determination will not necessarily give any inkling whatever as to the underlying organic laws of population growth in a particular community. It will simply give a rather exact empirica...

Neonatal health care is concerned with the condition of the newborn from birth to 4 weeks (28 days) of age. Neonatal survival is a very sensitive indicator of population growth and socio-economic development. The survival rate of female infants correlates to subsequent population replacement. For these reasons, the issue of neonatal deaths is a serious national health concern, especially in dev...

the beet armyworm (spodoptera exigua hübner) is an important pest of many agricultural crops all over the world. most of the sugar beet growing regions in iran are infested. in this study, the acute lethal effects of pyriproxyfen, spinosad, and indoxacarb as well as sublethal effects of pyriproxyfen on the 1st instar s. exigua were assessed by leaf dip bioassay method. mortality was recorded 48...