The objectives of this study were to measure particle size and evaluate the effect of increasing alfalfa hay particle size on production characteristics in lactating Holstein dairy cows. Ninety multiparous Holstein cows in early to mid-lactation were randomly assigned in a complete randomized design for a 30-day period. Animals were offered one of the three diets, which were identical in energy...

A study was designed to collect a database of Iowa feedlot rations for determination of effective neutral detergent fiber (NDF) in complete diets from fiber analysis and particle size determination of individual feed ingredients and compare this with particle size determination of mixed wet rations. Seventy-one beef finishing total mixed rations were collected by ISU Extension Beef Field Specia...

The purpose of the study was to investigate whether dietary ration or diet composition in£uence the relationship between plasma growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) in Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus L.). The pattern of changes in plasma GH and IGF-1 concentrations was examined in ¢sh fed at di¡erent ration levels (0%, 0.35% and 0.70%BWday ) for 5 weeks, and in ¢sh fed ...

An experiment was conducted to study the effects of feeding growing pigs a diet low in selenium (Se) and vitamin E (E) with and without supplementation of various levels of Se and/or E on tissue Se and serum tocopherol concentrations. Nine of 10 pigs fed the unsupplemented cull pea diet had lesions attributed to a Se-E deficiency and eight of these pigs died during the 135-day experiment. No de...

a feeding trial of 120 days duration was conducted to study the effect of replacing 20 and 25 % of camel ration by poultry litter (pl) on the performance and some blood biochemical parameters. fifteen healthy one–humped camels were allotted into three groups (5 animals / group). the first group was fed a basal ration and considered as control, while the second and third groups were fed rations ...

In a previous report (I) it was demonstrated that chicks receiving purified rations low in nicotinic acid grew poorly and developed a typical chick blacktongue. The occurrence of these symptoms was prevented by the addition of nicotinic acid to the ration. This paper presents further studies on this deficiency and gives data on the activity of several nicotinic acid esters, as well as studies o...

The objective of this study was to determine the effects of alpha lipoic acid on the performance and serum lipid profile in broiler chicken. In this study, eighty, day-old Venn Cobb commercial broiler chicks broiler chicks were randomly distributed into two treatment groups with four replicates of ten birds each and the birds were fed with experimental diets T1 (Control ration as per BIS [1992]...

In spring dairy cows are often gradually transitioned from a silage- and concentrate-based ration (total mixed ration, TMR) to pasture. Rumen microbiota adaptability is a key feature of ruminant survival strategy. However, only little is known on the temporal and spatial microbial alterations involved. This study aims to investigate how the rumen liquid (LAAB), particle (PAAB), and epithelium (...

minimizing production costs for a certain amount of product is one of the main concerns for managers of agricultural and animal husbandry units. much of the cost of a unit of livestock (almost 75%) is related to methods of nutrition and ration. accordingly, using some methods to reduce costs, including methods of mathematical programming, is required. the linear programming model was used as th...

As practical cooks we are concerned mainly with serving good food, i.e. food that is nourishing, well flavoured and pleasing to the eye. We maintain that the present weekly fat ration of 3 oz. butter, 4 oz. margarine and I oz. cooking fat for one person is inadequate for the presentation of food in an appetizing and attractive manner, if all meals have to be provided at home. Weekly reversal of...