Methods of semen collection and artificial insemination (AI) in poultry, requirement for diluents, methods of liquid and frozen storage of avian semen and evaluation of spermatozoa after storage for fertilizing ability are reviewed. Frozen storage of semen from non-domestic birds is also briefly discussed.

Ionic liquids have many favorable properties over conventional diluents in solvent extraction. They provide an environmentally benign feature, adjustable polarity and, in some cases, higher extraction performances that remain however not predictable. As it may have a major role in extraction mechanisms, we evidence the supramolecular aggregation of HDEHP/TOPO extractant molecules in the [OMim][...

A new diluent (ADGP) for the rubella virus hemagglutination (HA) and hemagglutination-inhibition (HI) tests is described. It was found that the HA and HI titers and the erythrocyte agglutination pattern were improved in ADGP compared to previously described diluents. The influence of the components of ADGP and of various test conditions on optimal HA and HI results were examined.

A systematic study was made of certain variables of the rubella hemagglutination-inhibition (HI) test system and their effect on antigen and antibody titers. Erythrocytes from pigeons and 1-day-old chicks gave similar antigen and antibody titers, but goose erythrocytes gave lower titers. Indicator erythrocytes could be stored in Alsever's solution at 4 C for as long as 2 weeks without losing se...

The present study experimentally investigates fundamental characteristics of diffusion flames and the importance of gas radiation. In particular, transient measurements of flame growth, temperature, and radiation intensity of an expanding spherical diffusion flame in microgravity are used to investigate the effects of various diluents (N2, CO2) with different radiative properties. Two systems w...

Indonesian fishery products must be able to follow the requirements for guarantee good quality and security customer need compete in international market distribution logistics of fishermen's catches. This study aims determine activity system catches on land Pelabuhan Perikanan Pantai (PPP) Puger Tempat Pelelangan Ikan (TPI) Puger’s port. The research method used is field using descriptive meth...

Objectives: N2O is widely used in the chemical industry and laboratories; however, several fire/explosion accidents have been reported facilities that handle N2O. This study aimed (i) to experimentally investigate lower upper flammability limits (LFL UFL, respectively), limit nitrous oxide concentration (LN2OC), minimum inerting concentrations (MICs) of fuel–N2O–diluent mixtures (ii) computatio...

Several studies have reported the presence of pharmaceuticals in freshwater bodies all around world. For this investigation, removal ciprofloxacin (CIP) ranitidine (RNT), and chlorphenamine (CPM) using lignocellulose-derived granular activated carbon (GAC) was analyzed, physicochemical mechanisms were elucidated. Additionally, textural surface properties GAC evaluated, concentrations contaminan...

experiment was conducted to study the effect of different antibiotics on sperm quality of ram by a completely randomized block design using 23 factorial arrangement with 2 block and 4 observations in each experimental units. factors include three antibiotics named gentamycin (g), lincomycin (l) and ampicillin (a) that were used at two different levels including zero and, respectively 5, 10 and ...