PURPOSE To evaluate mechanically detachable coil designs capable of controlled and instantaneous release within an aneurysm or vascular space. METHODS Three mechanically detachable coil designs, clamped ball, looped ribbon, and interlocking cylinder, were evaluated using in vitro and in vivo testing to study reliability of coil release, retractability, and coil behavior in a microcatheters. I...

The methods adopted to provide cost effective signalling systems for the low-density lines have evolved over many years. In Japan, a typical conventional signalling system for single lines consists of three kind of equipment: centralised traffic control (CTC) equipment at the control centre and each station where an interlocking equipment is also located with a single line signalling equipment....

Railway interlockings are dominated by highly proprietary systems. We present the development project Alister 2.0 – an interlocking system based on industry-proven standard components: Safety PLCs in distributed nodes communicate over safe network protocols. This enables a highly productive and highly maintainable fail-safe interlocking system for centralised traffic control.

Retrograde femoral nailing is gaining in popularity. We report a prospective, randomised comparison of antegrade and retrograde procedures in 68 patients with 69 fractures of the femoral shaft. All nails were inserted after appropriate reaming. There was no difference in operating time, blood loss, technical complications, size of nail or reamer, or transfusion requirements. There were more pro...

Purpose: Recent advancements in technology have enabled railway organizations to shift from manual to computer based automated interlocking systems for increasing their efficiency and profits. Since automated systems are complex and interlocking systems are safety critical systems, these systems should be modeled and verified against safety requirements to weed out any design bugs which might l...

Introduction: Osteosynthesis of the femur using an interlocking nail is the gold standard for treating diaphyseal fractures of the femur. There are two established entry points for the antegrade interlocking nails which is the piriformis fossa or the greater trochanter. It has been reported that varus malalignment was frequently seen in proximal femur fracture which were treated with interlocki...

Interlocking tables are the functional specification defining the routes on which the passage of the train is allowed. Associated with the route, the states and actions of all related signalling equipment are also specified. It is well-known that designing and verifying the interlocking tables are labour intensive, tedious and prone to errors. To assist the verification process and detect error...

Surgical fixation of humeral shaft fractures generally involves plating or nailing. It is unclear whether one method is more effective than the other. The aim of this study was to compare the results of the intramedullary nail and locking compression plate for the treatment of humeral shaft fractures. A total of 60 patients with humeral shaft fractures were randomized to undergo surgery with an...