multiple diagnostic tools are used by emergency physicians, every day. in addition, new tools are evaluated to obtain more accurate methods and reduce time or cost of conventional ones. in the previous parts of this educational series, we described diagnostic performance characteristics of diagnostic tests including sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, and likeliho...

From the operational perspective, on large fingerprint data sets, a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve is usually measured by the true accept rate (TAR) of the genuine scores given a specified false accept rate (FAR) of the impostor scores. The ties of genuine and/or impostor scores at a threshold can often occur on large fingerprint data sets, and how to determine the TAR at an oper...

This paper addresses an effective learning method that enables us to directly optimize neural network classifier's discrimination performance at a desired local operating range by maximizing a partial area under a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) or domain-specific curve, which is difficult to achieve with classification accuracy or mean squared error (MSE)-based learning methods. The ef...

The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, known as the AUC, is currently considered to be the standard method to assess the accuracy of predictive distribution models. It avoids the supposed subjectivity in the threshold selection process, when continuous probability derived scores are converted to a binary presence–absence variable, by summarizing overall model performa...

Received Jun 5, 2016 Revised Aug 8, 2016 Accepted August 24, 2016 Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve is an important technique for organizing classifiers and visualizing their performance in tactical systems in the presence of jamming signal. ROC curves are commonly used to evaluate the performance of classifiers for anomalies detection. This paper gives a survey of ROC analysis base...

Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) involves chronic inflammation of the digestive tract. In the past decades, fecal calprotectin has been proposed as a useful biomarker for the differential diagnosis between IBD patients and healthy controls. We designed this study to evaluate the diagnostic ability of fecal calprotectin (FC) and conventional inflammatory markers in IBD patients. M...

A Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve reflects the performance of a system which decides between two competing actions in a test of statistical hypothesis. This paper addresses the inference on ROC curves for the following problem: how can one statistically validate the performance of a system with a claimed ROC curve, ROC0 say? Our proposed solution consists of two main components: F...

Background: Colorectal cancer is a common cancer and has a high rate of mortality and morbidity. This can be reduced by screening tests. Some of the studies have recently referred to Red Cell Distribution Width (RDW) as a marker for early detection of various cancers. The aim of this study was to investigate the RDW and early detection of colorectal cancer and polyp. M...

The aim of this study was to develop and validate under laboratory conditions an algorithm for a time-frequency analysis of rhythmic masticatory muscle activity (RMMA). The algorithm baseband demodulated the electromyographic (EMG) signal to provide a frequency versus time representation. Using appropriate thresholds for frequency and power parameters, it was possible to automatically assess th...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the significance of intra-appendiceal air at CT for the evaluation of appendicitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS We retrospectively analyzed 458 patients (216 men, 242 women; age range, 18-91 years) who underwent CT for suspected appendicitis. Two independent readers reviewed the CT. Prevalence, amount, and appearance of intra-appendiceal air were assessed and compared betwe...