Message-passing systems with communication protocol transparent to the applications typically require message logging to ensure consistency between checkpoints. This paper describes a periodic independent checkpointing scheme with optimistic logging to reduce performance degradation during normal execution while keeping the recovery cost acceptable. Both time and space overhead for message logg...

The function of a garbage collector in a computer system is to reclaim storage that is no longer in use. Developing a garbage collector for a distributed system composed of autonomous computers (nodes) connected by a communication network poses a challenging problem: optimising performance whilst achieving fault-tolerance. The paper presents the design and implementation of a reference-count ga...

Multiple operating modes can be found in many embedded devices (e.g., smart-phones) to efficiently utilize device resources. As similar advantages are also preferred under realtime settings, there have been researches to develop realtime multi-modal systems. However, many commerciallyavailable embedded devices still depend on unimodal operations even for inherent multi-modal systems (e.g., auto...

In response to the illicit drug trade that became especially troublesome in the late 1980's and early 1990's, a remarkable community anti-drug movement has formed, with groups becoming active in some of the most afflicted neighborhoods. Armed only with their courage and imagination, citizens have devised a variety of clever strategies and tactics to reclaim their streets and parks from drug tra...

We introduce an algebra of data linkages. Data linkages are intended for modelling the states of computations in which dynamic data structures are involved. We present a simple model of computation in which states of computations are modelled as data linkages and state changes take place by means of certain actions. We describe the state changes and replies that result from performing those act...

The type-and-effects system of the Tofte-Talpin region calculus makes it possible to safely reclaim objects without a garbage collector. However, it requires that regions have last-in-first-out (LIFO) lifetimes following the block structure of the language. We introduce λ, a core calculus that is powerful enough to encode Tofte-Talpin-like languages, and that eliminates the LIFO restriction. Th...

Observers of post-independence cultural landscapes in Timor-Leste have highlighted the resurgence of customary practices and ceremonies, especially in settlements more distant from the moneyed resources of the capital, Dili.1 The revival of customary practices often accompanies a considered return among displaced communities to their ancestral lands and settlements (knua tuan). There they work ...

My subject in this paper is the role of frequency in helping to determine teaching priorities in English language teaching. On the one hand, it seems to be a matter of common sense to teach words or forms which are frequent before those which are infrequent or rare. On the other hand, I feel that over the past generation the topic of frequency has been neglected in the teaching of languages, al...