objective(s): streptokinase (ska) is an antigenic protein which is secreted by streptococcus pyogenes. streptokinase induces inflammation by complement activation, which may play a role in post infectious diseases. in the present study, recombinant streptokinase from s. pyogenes was produced and showed that recombinant ska protein was recognized by infected human sera using western blot analysi...

ObjectiveTo elucidate the antigenic potential of dormancy-associated antigens Rv2659c and Rv3128c Mycobacterium tuberculosis by examining persistence specific IgG IgA memory B cells (MBCs) among patients with active (TB), household contacts latent (LTBI), an endemic healthy control group.MethodsFresh peripheral blood mononuclear from three study groups were used to enumerate numbers MBCs recomb...

Background: CE is a zoonotic parasitic infection caused by Echinococcus granulosus worldwide and is associated with economic losses among livestock animals. EG95 is an immunogenic antigen from the E. granulosus. Lactococcus lactis has been prested as a safe vehicle for antigen delivery. The goal of this study was to design a novel L. lactis strain displaying EG95 as a vaccine delivery system. M...

Although the use of recombinant hepatitis B virus surface (HBsAg) protein vaccine has successfully reduced global hepatitis B infection, there are still a number of vaccine recipients who do not develop detectable antibody responses. Various novel vaccination approaches, including DNA vaccines, have been used to further improve the coverage of vaccine protection. Our previous studies demonstrat...

Recombinant viral or virus-like particles offer new tools for vaccine development. This study investigated hepatitis B core antigen (HBcAg) capsids and RNA phage Qbeta coats as carriers of a foreign epitope to induce antibody responses in mice. HBcAg capsids were shown to induce T cell-independent (TI) antibodies. We found that these particles behave as antigen-specific TI type 1 (TI-1) Ag comp...

Intramuscular (i.m.) or s.c. injection of plasmid DNA encoding hepatitis B small surface antigen (HBsAg) primes potent MHC I-restricted cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses in H-2(d) (BALB/c) and H-2(b) (C57BL/6) mice. In contrast, i.m. or s.c. injection of exogenous HBsAg particles without adjuvants primes CTL responses in 'high responder' H-2(d) but not 'low responder' H-2(b) mice. We have ...

abstract mutations have been described in all of the four open reading frames of the hepatitis b virus (hbv), however, from a clinical perspective the surface escape mutant is the most troublesome. hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) variants may impair diagnosis, or allow the virus to escape vaccine-induced immunity or passive immunoglobulin therapy. hbv mutants with amino acid substitutions, ...

background: although a simple and direct method does not exist for the detection of chlamydial infections, there are situations in which reliable serological tests, with sensi-tivity related to a specific antigen, could be helpful. objective: the aim of this study was to clone the first 1100 bp of the c. trachomatis outer membrane protein 2 (omp2) gene in order to prepare a recombinant protein ...

Recognition of specific pathogen associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) is mediated primarily by members of the Toll-like receptor (TLR) family. Stimulation through these receptors results in quantitative and qualitative changes in antigen presentation and cellular activation, thereby linking innate and adaptive immunity. Consequently, the incorporation of TLR-ligands into vaccines could result ...