Background: Referees assume an important role on sports activity because their decisions are highly scrutinized and can influence the results achieved by athletes teams. However, referees much less studied than regarding way they deal with respond to stress factors. This study analysed how soccer adapted a stressful situation using critical incident methodology of collecting data 24 48 hours be...

This study examines the reasons for officiating soccer among Norwegian elite and non-elite referees. Eighty-three elite referees and 44 non-elite referees completed a web-based questionnaire (SurveyXact) that solicited their three main reasons for officiating soccer. The data were obtained by bracketing, intuiting, and describing their different reasons. Three main categories of descriptions em...

Abstract Referees play a central role in every sport. Particularly at national level, referees must meet ever higher demands due to increasing professionalisation. While cognitive and conditional aspects have already been investigated intensively, personality traits of handball so far only received little attention. In addition profound understanding the game knowledge rules, however, it is pre...

Introducrion: although the mortality rate among soccer players is low, it causes much impact on entire community and a fascinating conundrum. Objetive: to evaluate cardiovascular risk of referees, describe frequency considering age groups younger older than 35 years old relate Framingham PROCAM indices for comparison in referees. Methods: We analyzed 50 referees Paulista Soccer Federation subje...