PURPOSE To evaluate the safety, efficacy, and contralateral eye comparison of topography-guided myopic LASIK with two different refraction treatment strategies. SETTING Private clinical ophthalmology practice. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 100 eyes (50 patients) in consecutive cases of myopic topography-guided LASIK procedures with the same refractive platform (FS200 femtosecond and EX500...

The development of grating acuity was followed in two astigmatic primate infants, one a human being and one a pigtail macaque monkey. Both infants showed variations of acuity with grating orientation, predictable from the orientation and type of astigmatism present. Optical correction of the human infant during testing virtually eliminated the variation of acuity with orientation, suggesting th...

purpose: to evaluate the visual and refractive outcomes of automated lamellar therapeutic keratoplasty (altk) in patients with keratoconus. methods: in this prospective noncomparative clinical trial, altk was performed in 14 eyes of 14 patients with moderate to severe keratoconus. all patients were spectacle and contact lens intolerant.  uncorrected visual acuity (ucva), best corrected visual a...

Posterior Chamber Phakic Toric Implantable Collamer Lenses have become increasingly used to correct refractive error associated with astigmatism. These devices are claimed to provide high efficacy in terms of refractive correction. This book chapter is an updated review on the safety and effectiveness and potential complications of the toric implantable collamer lens (Toric ICL) published in pe...

PURPOSE To evaluate the refractive and visual outcome of toric IOL implantation for correction of pre-existing corneal astigmatism following cataract surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this retrospective study, 56 eyes of 30 patients who underwent implantation of toric IOL following regular phacoemulsification were divided into two groups based on the types of toric IOL implanted: group 1 pati...

AIM The aim of this research was to evaluate vector analysis after implantation of toric intraocular lenses (IOLs) without deviation from the intended axis. METHODS The study included 18 eyes of 16 patients who underwent cataract surgery with the insertion of a toric implant (AcrySof IQ Toric). The postoperative IOL meridian placement completely corresponded to that planned. Using vector anal...

Cycloplegia is loss of the power of accommodation with inhibition of a ciliary muscle. We obtain in this way the smallest refraction of the lens and make it possible to determine the presence and size of the particular refractive error in cycloplegia by using cyclopentolate. Cyclopentolate is a synthetic anticholinergic drug and antagonist of the muscarine receptors. If applied in the eye, it b...

Best-corrected acuity was measured for vertical and horizontal gratings and for recognition acuity optotypes (Lea Symbols) in a group of three- to five-year-old children with a high prevalence of astigmatism. Results showed meridional amblyopia (MA) among children with simple/compound myopic or mixed astigmatism, due to reduced acuity for horizontal gratings. Children with simple/compound hyper...

Light-weight translucent plastic goggles with convex or concave rigid contact lens inserts were applied unilaterally to the eyes of young chicks. Convex and concave cylindrical lenses produced astigmatic refractive errors. The magnitude of the induced astigmatism was less than that of the inducing lens and varied with axis orientation. Decreased aperture size or interruption of the defocus resu...

PURPOSE To determine the effects of optically imposed astigmatism on early eye growth in chicks. METHODS 5-day-old (P5) White Leghorn chicks were randomly assigned to either wear, monocularly, a "high magnitude" (H: +4.00DS/-8.00DC) crossed-cylindrical lens oriented at one of four axes (45, 90, 135, and 180; n = 20 in each group), or were left untreated (controls; n = 8). Two additional group...