Timing diagrams are useful for capturing temporal specifications in which all mentioned events are required to occur. We first show that translating timing diagrams with both partial orders on events and don’t-care regions to LTL potentially yields exponentially larger formulas containing several non-localized terms corresponding to the same event. This raises a more fundamental question: which...

1 Abstract Data freshness properties of asynchronous communication mechanisms (ACMs) are related to the relative timing of reader and writer statements. When a hardware implementation of an ACM is tested at the highest operating speed, such relative timing is difficult to measure if the observing hardware is not constructed of faster technology than the ACM. Here an indirect method is proposed ...

The timing of augmented information, either prior to or following a memory retrieval attempt has profound, and opposing, influences on immediate performance and retention. This effect was investigated in 2 experiments in which participants learned typographical symbols used to enter information into a personal data assistant. The effects of the spacing of the second of 2 repetitions (Experiment...

the root endophytic fungus, piriformospora indica, colonizes roots of a large number of plant species including cereals and brasicaceae. there are several reports indicating that p. indica protects roots from different path-ogens. in the present study, rice plants were pre-inoculated with p. indica and were subsequently infected with fusarium proliferatum, as the causal agent of root rot and cr...

Recent work has demonstrated that progressively stronger prosodic boundaries result in increasing amounts of lengthening for consonant gestures, both preceding and following the boundary. The present experiment extends these earlier findings by considering kinematic data collected with a magnetometer to determine (1) if vocalic gestures demonstrate lengthening patterns comparable to those of co...