This perspective review describes emerging techniques and future opportunities for time-resolved serial femtosecond crystallography (TR-SFX) experiments using high repetition rate XFEL sources. High sources are becoming more available with the European in operation recently upgraded LCLS-II will be near future. One efficient use of these facilities TR-SFX relies on pump–probe a laser to trigger...

How do top-down factors (e.g., task expectancy) and bottom-up factors (e.g., task recency) interact to produce an overall level of task readiness? This question was addressed by factorially manipulating task expectancy and task repetition in a task-switching paradigm. The effects of expectancy and repetition on response time tended to interact underadditively, but only because the traditional b...

OBJECTIVES To determine the proportion of individuals who repeated nonfatal suicidal behavior within 12 months of an index episode, to investigate the timing of repetition, and to investigate risk factors associated with repetition and their population impact. METHOD We carried out a prospective cohort study (1997-2002) in 4 large hospitals in North West England. We included subjects aged 15 ...

OBJECTIVE The outcome of interest was repetition of the tuberculin skin test (TST) and the objectives were to estimate the rate of TST repetition, the probability of no TST repetition after 1 year, and the probability of no TST repetition at the end of the follow-up period in patients whose initial test was nonreactive. The study also set out to analyze factors associated with the time until TS...

Repeated visual stimuli elicit reduced neural responses compared with novel stimuli in various brain regions (repetition attenuation). This effect has become a powerful tool in fMRI research, allowing researchers to investigate the stimulus-specific neuronal representations underlying perception and cognition. Repetition attenuation is also commonly associated with behavioral priming, whereby r...

Previous neuroimaging studies in the visual domain have shown that neurons along the perceptual processing pathway retain the physical properties of written words, faces, and objects. The aim of this study was to reveal the existence of similar neuronal properties within the human auditory cortex. Brain activity was measured using functional magnetic resonance imaging during a repetition primin...