Restraint can be applied in a physical way, via medication or by more subtle means. An attempt by an individual to restrain another is legally justifiable in limited situations, for example to prevent a person committing a crime. In other circumstances, restraint is unjustifiable. It is important, from a legal and moral perspective, to ensure that nursing practice does not involve unjustifiable...

Reenactment of the circumstances in deaths associated with restraint, utilizing participants and witnesses while memories are fresh, may help death investigators more accurately determine the cause of death. Two recent deaths in Ventura County that occurred during restraint are discussed. Within a day of the autopsies the restrainers agreed to participate in reenactments of the restraint proces...

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES To investigate the knowledge, attitude, intention and practice of nurses towards physical restraint and factors influencing these variables. BACKGROUND A literature review showed a lack of studies focused on the intention of nurses regarding physical restraint throughout the world. Considering that very little research on physical restraint use has been carried out in Mala...

BACKGROUND The use of physical restraint as an intervention in the care of psychiatric patients dates back to the beginning of psychiatry. Although it is a challenging question, it is still one of the common procedures in psychiatry. Considering that very little research has been done in Iran in relation to physical restraint, this qualitative study aimed to investigate the experiences of  nurs...

• Objective: To compare the frequency of injury to clients and staff with use of 2 restraint systems. • Design: Retrospective database review. • Setting and participants: Youth admitted under both voluntary and involuntary commitments to residential behavioral and mental health programs in Pennsylvania and New York and staff from these institutions. • Methods: Restraint events that occurred dur...

OBJECTIVES The objective of this study is to examine the effectiveness of the active head restraint system in reducing neck injury risk of car occupants in low-speed rear impacts. METHODS A human body FE model "THUMS" was used to simulate head and neck kinematics of the occupant and to evaluate loading to the neck. Joint capsule strain was calculated to predict neck injury risk as well as NIC...

With the use of a restraint stress paradigm, both normotensive Wistar-Kyoto (WKY ) rats and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) underwent acute (1-hour restraint in a Perspex tube), chronic (1-hour restraint for 10 consecutive days), or no-restraint (control) stress. Rats experiencing chronic restraint were previously implanted with telemetric probes to measure heart rate and blood pressure. ...

Background. In view of the adverse effects of using restraints, studies examining the use of restraint reduction programs (RRPs) are needed. Objectives. To investigate the effect of an RRP on the reduction of physical restraint rates in rehabilitation hospitals. Methods. A prospective quasi-experimental clinical trial was conducted. Demographic data, medical and health-related information on re...

The role of hypothalamic structures in the regulation of chronic stress responses was studied by lesioning the mediobasal hypothalamus or the paraventricular nucleus of hypothalamus (PVH). Rats were acutely (60 min) and/or repeatedly (for 7 days) restrained. In controls, a single restraint elevated the plasma adrenocorticotropin (ACTH), corticosterone, and prolactin levels. Repeated restraint p...