We propose the concept of nonreciprocal filtering power dividers, which are compact devices able to merge functionalities dividers and combiners, selectivity bandpass filters, magnetless nonreciprocity from time-modulation. A prototype this type operating at microwaves has been implemented in microstrip technology. The device is composed a Wilkinson divider integrated with two identical filters...

Although it is well known that forest canopies reduce the amount and intensity of precipitation at the ground surface, little is known about how canopy interception modifies extreme events. This research investigated the effects of forest cover on intensity-duration-frequency relationships using a stochastic model to extrapolate measured rainfall and throughfall to throughfall expected during e...

The mechanisms and evolutionary dynamics of intron insertion and loss in eukaryotic genes remain poorly understood. Reconstruction of parsimonious scenarios of gene structure evolution in paralogous gene families in animals and plants revealed numerous gains and losses of introns. In all analyzed lineages, the number of acquired new introns was substantially greater than the number of lost ance...

This paper derives the Nash-equilibrium degrees of commitment to a partnership where lack of full commitment fuels suspicion and increases potential losses for partners. The Nash-equilibrium commitment of each partner increases with her internal return, quitting cost and costs of being deserted and with her counterpart's external return and intrinsic capacity to detect lack of full commitment, ...

A new wideband Wilkinson Power Divider which use the nonuniform substrate integrated waveguide (NSIW) method is presented in this paper. This structure utilizes NSIWs instead of the uniform quarter wavelength SIWs in conventional Wilkinson power divider. The proposed structure is analyzed by odd and even mode analysis. The proper NSIW section widths can be extracted by using even mode while the...

A systematic experimental and numerical study of the device performance of waveguide-coupled SiON microresonators with air and polymer cladding is presented. Values of device parameters like propagation losses of the microresonator modes, the off-resonance insertion losses, and the straight waveguide to microresonator coupling are determined by applying a detailed fitting procedure to the exper...

high congestion of returned product at remanufacturing facility causes substantial delays and consequently remarketing value losses for time-sensitive and high-tech products with short life cycles, such as electronic equipments. at the remanufacturing site the returned product are inspected and classified according to their quality and processing time in one of the two classes: class 1 being ad...

Variable polarization compensation has been demonstrated at 100 GHz. The device consists of two interlocking V-groove artificial dielectric gratings that produce a birefringence that varies with the separation distance. A maximum retardance of 74 has been obtained experimentally in a silicon device, in good agreement with rigorous coupled-wave computer simulations. Further simulations predict t...

natural resources are valuable capitals for all nations. rangelands as the most extensive natural ecosystems in iran provide numerous services, including fodder production and red meat supply, soil conservation and water regulation. although uncontrolled exploitation of these resources has imposed much pressure and caused many losses within the ecosystems. impacts of overutilization of nomadic ...