Abstract Flow forming and inertia friction welding (IFW) have been widely used as manufacturing processes that produce high-value engineering components. Combining these two advanced facilitates the fabrication of near-net shape components leading to optimized designs. This study introduces joining flow-formed seamless tubes MLX®19 maraging steel using IFW process fabricate a component in landi...

Maraging steels are used to produce tools by Additive Manufacturing (AM) methods such as Laser Metal Deposition (LMD) and Selective Laser Melting (SLM). Although it is well established that dense parts can be produced by AM, the influence of the AM process on the microstructure-in particular the content of retained and reversed austenite as well as the nanostructure, especially the precipitate ...

The effect of annealing temperature (1000-1150 °C) on the microstructure evolution, mechanical properties, and pitting corrosion behavior of a newly developed novel lean duplex stainless steel with 20.53Cr-3.45Mn-2.08Ni-0.17N-0.31Mo was studied by means of optical metallographic microscopy (OMM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), magnetic force microscopy (MFM), scanning Kelvin probe force mi...

Pseudoelasticity and the shape memory e ect (SME) due to martensitic transformation and reorientation of polycrystalline shape memory alloy (SMA) materials are modelled using a free energy function and a dissipation potential. Three di erent cases are considered, based on the number of internal state variables in the free energy: (1) Austenite plus a variable number of martensite variants; (2) ...

We have investigated the possibility of producing a magnetic encoder by an innovative process. Instead of turning grooves in the encoder bar for precise positioning, we incorporated the information in 304L stainless steel by transforming the austenite to martensite after bar extrusion in liquid nitrogen and marking it with a laser, which caused a local transformation of martensite back into aus...

This paper deals with the influence of steel composition (with respect to the microalloying elements) and therrnomechanical treatment on structure and mechanical behaviour of HSLA (High Strength Low Alloy) steels. Four different microalloyed steels have been TM rolled under variing conditions. The austenite structure prior to transformation could be revealed by means of a special etching techni...

We have performed in-situ magnetization and high-energy X-ray diffraction measurements on two aluminum-based TRIP steels from room temperature down to 100 K in order to evaluate amount and stability of the retained austenite for different heat treatment conditions. We have found that the bainitic holding temperature affects the initial fraction of retained austenite at room temperature but does...

The T0 temperature in steel is defined as that at which ferrite and austenite of the same chemical composition have identical free energy. The T0 temperature is that below which it is possible for austenite to transform to ferrite of the same chemical composition after allowing for the strain energy due to the displacements associated with the transformation. Bainite is expected below the T0 te...

In material selection, especially in low temperature conditions, one of very important factors it is a ductile to brittle transition temperature, i.e. the temperature when material becomes too brittle to use. In this paper transition temperature determined by impact energy in temperature interval from –196 to +100°C of unalloyed austempered ductile iron with different microstructures have been ...

Using metallurgical models, three steels were designed to obtain carbide-free bainitic structures in the as-rolled condition. Experimental castings were hot-rolled in a pilot mill and their austenite decomposition kinetics were measured using dilatometry. Tensile and Charpy impact properties were measured and the microstructures were characterised using X-ray diffractometry, optical and scannin...