We show that exposure from past business transactions – risk overhang – can reduce activity in related business lines, sometimes to the point where no new trade occurs. We focus primarily on the role of overhang in nonlife insurance market disruptions. Our model predicts that the relative impact, duration, and character of supply disruptions are related to the extent of overhang. These predicti...

As evidenced in a broad-based body of research, risk affects decision-maker’s behavior by influencing perceptions of decision situations, evaluation of alternatives, choices made, and other decision-related actions taken in response to risk. Based on theory from risk literature, a conceptual model was identified and tested. The data for this study was collected using a stratified random sample ...

in this paper we propose and construct fuzzy algebraic additive model, for the estimation of risk in various fields of human activities or nature’s behavior. though the proposed model is useful in a wide range of scientific fields, it was designed for to torrential risk evaluation in the area of river evros. clearly the model’s performance improves when the number of parameters and the actual d...

in this research, the risk, return and coefficient of variation (cv) are calculated and compared in the food, pharmaceutical and chemical industries during 2003-2008 in tehran stock exchange. also, the effect of stock transactions is investigated in the companies working in these industries to realize the risk, return and cv.  results of this research represent that there are no significant r...

results seven concepts emerged after exploratory factor analysis of the 48 items. the content validity ratio (cvr) of the questionnaire constructs were 0.55 to 0.76, and content validity index (cvi) structure was 0.86 to 0.95. cronbach's alpha coefficient for the entire questionnaire was 0.78, and correlation coefficient of the test-retest reliability for the constructs was from 0.73 to 0.89. c...

Risk factors are generally defined and assigned to road networks, as constant measures in hazmat routing problems. In fact, they may be dynamic variables depending on traffic volume, weather and road condition, and drivers' behavior. In this research work, risk factors are defined as dynamic variables using the concept of chaos theory. The largest Lyapunov exponent is utilized to determine the ...