In tropical climates, the energy consumed by heating, ventilation and air conditioning can exceed 50% of total consumption a building. The demand for cooling is rising steadily, driven global warming rapidly increasing living standards in developing economies. addition, there rise water due to population increase, life quality, warming. Coastal areas with narrow continental shelves are perfect ...

the continuous spread of distributed energy resources (ders) such as combined heating and power (chp), diesel generators, boilers and renewable energy sources provide an effective solution to energy related problems to serve the power and heat demands with minimum cost. moreover, the ders may play a significant role for supplying power and heat in rural areas, where grid electricity is not avai...

Scarcity of fresh water, forced many countries to get their water needs, or part it, by means saline desalination. Reverse osmosis (RO) systems are useful tools in this concern. In case the grid electricity is not available costly, photovoltaic (PV) power necessary derive RO systems. The present paper concerned with providing a methodology for complete sizing and design reverse (PVRO) system Eg...

In this study, a method of in situ membrane fouling quantification is developed that enables comparisons of foulant accumulation between desalination processes with different membranes, driving forces, and feed solutions. Unlike the conventional metric of flux decline, which measures the response of a process to fouling, the proposed method quantifies the foulant accumulation. Foulant accumulat...

Reverse osmosis (RO) is a water purifcation technology that uses a semipermeable membrane to remove ions, molecules, and larger particles for the production of drinking water. The frst RO membrane for seawater desalination, wastewater treatment and other applications were made of cellulose acetate. But, the polyamide thin-flm composite membrane that can tolerate wide pH...

The purpose of this study was to determine the comparative environmental impacts of coupled seawater desalination and water reclamation using a novel hybrid system that consist of an osmotically driven membrane process and established membrane desalination technologies. A comparative life cycle assessment methodology was used to differentiate between a novel hybrid process consisting of forward...