A Grid-Local Probability Road Map (PRM) method was proposed for the path planning of manipulators in dynamic environments. Based on idea boundary discretization, a double-grid model built to obtain mapping from obstacles configuration space. The collision detection simplified as data indexing process improve its efficiency. Times detections were reduced by employing local programming strategies...

abstract recognition of effective factors on landslide occurrence and so high and low hazard region is one of the most important and necessary works for mitigation of landslide damages. in this study, from all of the effective factors on landslide occurrence, land use changes and road construction, into a parts of tadjan watershed with area about 708.08 square kilometers in south of sari, was s...

In order to maintain and improve road infrastructure in their respective jurisdictions, the state (the Minnesota DOT), region (the Metropolitan Council), and seven counties in the Twin Cities Metropolitan area develop their respective decision making (investment) processes in which federal or local funding are periodically allocated to road projects, prioritized according to their funding needs...

A road map can be interpreted as a graph embedded in the plane, in which each vertex corresponds to a road junction and each edge to a particular road segment. We consider the cartographic problem to place non-overlapping road labels along the edges so that as many road segments as possible are covered by labels. We show that this is NP -hard in general, but can be solved in polynomial time if ...

Road information is fundamental not only in the military field but also common daily living. Automatic road extraction from a remote sensing images can provide references for city planning as well as transportation database and map updating. However, owing to the spectral similarity between roads and impervious structures, the current methods solely using spectral characteristics are often inef...