A practical aspect of over-rooftop multiple-building forward diffraction from a low source is presented, including two formulations and an introduction of their application. In particular, the low-loss formulation for multiple diffraction exposes a factor that can account for strong over-rooftop radio propagation. Both lowand high-loss formulations take the advantages of the uniform geometrical...

1. Executive Summary Arc fault current interruption (AFCI) is required on DC conductors of solar PV installations by NEC 2011 (rooftop systems only) and NEC 2014 (rooftop and ground mount systems). To meet these requirements, combiner boxes for central inverters will need to include arc fault detectors (AFDs) as well as other AFCI equipment. UL recognized AFDs greatly ease the process of listin...

The IWRAM Decision Support System was developed to consider economic, environmental, and sociocultural trade-offs involved with resource competition and development in the Mae Chaem catchment in Northern Thailand. IWRAM contains two modelling toolboxes utilising a nodal network structure for catchment analysis: a Biophysical Toolbox, for considering the biophysical (erosion, streamflow, crop) i...

In the United Kingdom the Environment Agency of England and Wales have developed a number of initiatives to assist in implementing the Water Framework Directive (2000/60/EC) including Catchment Management Strategies (CAMSs) and the Resource Assessment Management (RAM) Framework. These processes include setting river flow objectives and establishing best practice for the assessment of water reso...

Nowadays, the power system utility has started to consider the green power technology in order for the world to have a healthier environment. A small-scale hybridized solar PV-AC grid (HSPVACG) power system is proposed to be developed to operate with AC grid. This system consists of a photovoltaic array installed on the rooftop. Moreover the roof is flat, which implies that system can be placed...

Turkiye is a country rich in renewable energy resources, one of which its tremendous potential, especially solar energy. Investments photovoltaic systems are increasing day by order to evaluate this potential The simulations these systems, will be established while making investment plans, very important terms return times. In study, information and data were obtained from working rooftop syste...

− A mobile station has been designed to monitor the air quality. Several of those stations are to be installed on the rooftop of taxis and buses in order to build a real time map of the air quality of a city. The modules are equipped with gas concentration measurement modules for 5 different gases (CO, NO2, O3, SO2, and CO2), GPS receivers for localization, GSM/GPRS modules for communication an...

This study demonstrates the use of bootstrap methods to estimate the total population of urban and periurban areas using satellite imagery and limited survey data. We conducted complete household surveys in 20 neighborhoods in the city of Bo, Sierra Leone, which collectively were home to 25,954 persons living in 1,979 residential structures. For five of those twenty sections, we quantized the r...