Introduction: Ischemic preconditioning (IPC) is an endogenous phenomenon that can induce ischemic tolerance (IT) in variety of organs such as brain. In this study, we examined the intermittent and prolonged dose of normobaric hyperoxia (HO) on neurologic deficit scores, infarct volume, and catalase activity. Material and Method: The rats were divided to four main groups. First two main groups w...

The medullary raphe (MR) is a putative central chemoreceptor site, contributing to hypercapnic respiratory responses elicited by changes in brain PCO2/pH. Purinergic mechanisms in the central nervous system appear to contribute to central chemosensitivity. To further explore the role of P2 receptors within the rostral and caudal MR in relation to respiratory control in room air and hypercapnic ...

In numerical analyses of radiofrequency (RF) fields for MRI, RF power is often permitted to radiate out of the problem region. In reality, RF power will be confined by the magnet bore and RF screen enclosing the magnet room. We present numerical calculations at different frequencies for various surface and volume coils, with samples from simple spheres to the human body in environments from fre...

This paper describes Engine Room, a unifying system architecture for comparative volume rendering, fast prototyping of system components, and teaching. Engine Room’s manager-driven architecture is able to: (i) dynamically dock or link multiple thirdparty volume rendering engines to a common environment, (ii) allow each linked engine to utilize the common environment’s core functions; (iii) conc...

Complete opacification of a hemithorax on chest X-ray is termed opaque hemithorax (OH) and is a common finding in emergency room patients. Attending physicians encountering an OH should be able to make an immediate decision regarding the most appropriate approach. The differential diagnosis of an OH is primarily based on the volume of the affected hemithorax, as determined by the position of th...

The ventilatory effects of prolonged oxygen administration were examined in seven dogs during thiopentone anaesthesia. Ventilation, tidal volume (VT), ventilatory rate (f), minute ventilation (VE), inspiratory time (TI), expiratory time (TE), period (Ttot), TI/Ttot and mean inspiratory flow (VT/TI) were measured during the inhalation of room air, after 30 min of oxygen inhalation, and finally a...

The purpose of room acoustic modeling is of course to be able too predict and evaluate the acoustic behavior of the room before it is built. Therefore, ideally we would like the technique to handle all physical phenomena of importance for the result including room shape and volume, source/receiver characteristics and positions, surface properties: absorption, diffraction (due to surface size re...

In the present study, 1.1 volume percent of nano size copper was incorporated into pure tin using hybrid microwave sintering assisted powder metallurgy route. Microwave sintered samples were extruded both at room temperature and at 230 °C. Microstructural characterization studies were conducted on the extruded samples to investigate the distribution characteristics of secondary phase and grain ...

This study aimed to examine the effects of room temperature and body position changes on cerebral blood volume, blood pressure and center-of-foot pressure (COP). Cerebral oxygenation kinetics and blood pressure were measured by near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and volume-compensation, respectively, in 9 males and 9 females after rapid standing from sitting and supine positions in low (12 degre...

After occurrence of spinal cord injury, it is not known whether the respiratory rhythm generator undergoes plasticity to compensate for respiratory insufficiency. To test this hypothesis, respiratory variables were measured in adult semiaquatic turtles using a pneumotachograph attached to a breathing chamber on a water-filled tank. Turtles breathed room air (2 h) before being challenged with tw...