Ultrastructural localization of InsP3 receptor in mouse cerebellar Purkinje cells was investigated by immunogold technique using three monoclonal antibodies (mab 10A6, 4C11 and 18A10). The epitopes of the three antibodies were numerously detected on the smooth endoplasmic reticulum (ER) (especially, on the stacks of flattened smooth ER, subsurface cisterns and spine apparatus), scantily on the ...

We have reported that motile Escherichia coli K-12 placed in an electric field swims toward the anode but that motile Salmonella typhimurium strains swim toward the cathode, a phenomenon called galvanotaxis (J. Adler and W. Shi, Cold Spring Harbor Symp. Quant. Biol. 53:23-25, 1988). In the present study, we isolated mutants with an altered direction of galvanotaxis. By further analyses of these...

Introduction: Tectonic features on Callisto are found (1) preferentially in large multi-ring structures, or (2) in several areas in its dark, cratered plains units outside the large multi-ring structures [1, 2]. In this latter case, tectonism is represented by fractures, scarps, and albedo lineaments. In this paper, we will mainly concentrate on tectonic features outside the large multi-ring st...

Synthetic fibrillar adhesives inspired by nature, most commonly by the gecko lizard, have been shown to strongly and repeatedly attach to smooth surfaces. These adhesives, mostly of monolithic construction, perform on par with their natural analogues on smooth surfaces but exhibit far inferior adhesive performance on rough surfaces. In this paper, we report on the adhesive performance of functi...

The goal of this work is to compare the main air turbulence characteristics two common areas in Amazonian landscape: a dense forest (rough surface) and water surface (smooth surface). Using wind components data collected at high frequency by sonic anemometers located just above these surfaces, intensity power spectra, temporal length scales eddies, as well terms TKE budget (TKE = turbulent kine...

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum assembly was studied in a cell-free system using thin-section and freeze-fracture electron microscopy. Incubation of rat hepatocyte rough and smooth microsomes in the presence of ATP, GTP, cytosol (Xenopus egg) and an ATP-regenerating system led to assembly of membrane networks comprising a central core of interconnecting smooth tubules continuous with peripherally ...

We previously established that spectroscopic microscopy can quantify subdiffraction-scale refractive index (RI) fluctuations in a label-free dielectric medium with a smooth surface. However, to study more realistic samples, such as biological cells, the effect of rough surface should be considered. In this Letter, we first report an analytical theory to synthesize microscopic images of a rough ...

Extraordinarily fast transport of water in carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in recent experiments has been generally attributed to the smoothness of the CNT surface. Using molecular dynamics simulations we investigate water flow in (16,16) CNTs and show that the enhanced flow rates over Hagen-Poiseuille flow arise from a velocity "jump" in a depletion region at the water nanotube interface and that the ...

Endoscopists describe lung cancer lesions using varying terminology. This study aimed to assess the probability of neoplastic disease in terms of endoscopic findings expressed in an original classification system. The endoscopic lesions were classified as infiltrations (superficial lesions without a clear border with normal mucosa) or masses (exophytic lesions easily distinguished from the bron...