More than two billion people (one-third of humanity) are infected with parasitic roundworms or flatworms, collectively known as helminth parasites. These infections cause diseases that are responsible for enormous levels of morbidity and mortality, delays in the physical development of children, loss of productivity among the workforce, and maintenance of poverty. Genomes of the major helminth ...

THE DOMESTIC EQUINES provide shelter and subsistence to approximately 150 kinds of protozoa and worms which live, as internal parasites.^ There are few horse owners who have not had some first-hand experience with many of these, and nearly everyone is familiar, in one way or another, with at least some of them. Among the protozoa are the blood-inhabiting trypanosomes and piroplasmata, the cilia...

Livestock is an important element in the pathway out of poverty for millions of rural people in Asia and the Pacific. However, helminth parasites, particularly roundworms, have been a problem in the region, causing millions of dollars in productivity losses. Over the years, many technologies have been developed for worm control in large and small ruminants, but their uptake has been low (McLeod...

Helminths are parasitic organisms that can be broadly described as "worms" due to their elongated body plan, but which otherwise differ in shape, development, migratory routes and the predilection site of the adults and larvae. They are divided into three major groups: trematodes (flukes), which are leaf-shaped, hermaphroditic (except for blood flukes) flatworms with oral and ventral suckers; c...

The goal of this research was to determine the extent of anthelmintic resistance that turkey roundworms, Ascaridia dissimilis, have developed to anti-parasitic chemicals used in commercial turkey operations. Roundworm infections in turkeys have resulted in monetary losses for the poultry industry for years, due to poor feed conversion. The infection itself is generally subclinical and many turk...

THE TAPEWORM and roundworm parasites reported to affect cattle tliroughoiit the world comprise over 70 different species. Although some species occur infrequently and others are comparatively harmless to their bovine hosts, some exact a heavy annual toll from the beef and dairy industries. Losses are due to deaths from gross parasitism, lowered vitality and resultant poor growth and performance...

Parasitic roundworms and flatworms, defined broadly as helminths, are estimated to infect over 1 billion people worldwide, and are particularly prevalent in developing, resource-strained communities. The consequences of these infections are immense and wide reaching, resulting in massive reductions in local and global economic productivity and contributing to millions of deaths per year. Helmin...

tozoans that develop either intracellularly or extracellularly to multicellular helminths and arthropods. The effects of an infection can vary from benign to acute deaths. Parasitic life cycles may be direct or complex indirect cycles requiring various arthropod or animal hosts. Some species of parasites can infect nearly every organ system, although individual genera will inhabit specific orga...

Mycotrophic species of Trichoderma are among the most common fungi isolated from free soil, dead wood and as parasites on sporocarps of other fungi (mycoparasites). In addition, they undergo various other biotrophic associations ranging from rhizosphere colonization and endophytism up to facultative pathogenesis on such animals as roundworms and humans. Together with occurrence on a variety of ...

Infections from parasitic nematodes (or roundworms) contribute to a significant disease burden and productivity losses for humans and livestock. The limited number of anthelmintics (or antinematode drugs) available today to treat these infections are rapidly losing their efficacy as multidrug resistance in parasites becomes a global health challenge. We propose an engineering approach to discov...