Ten Holstein steers (465 +/- 6 kg) with cannulas in the rumen and proximal duodenum were used in a crossover design experiment to evaluate the influence of air-dry vs fresh steam-flaked corn on characteristics of ruminal and total tract digestion. The basal diet contained 77% steam-flaked corn (DM basis). Air-dry steam-flaked corn (SFC-AD) was obtained from a single batch that had been allowed ...

introduction using agro-industrial by-products in ruminants feeding could help in semi arid climate condition throughout the year. raisin by-product is produced in huge magnitude in malayer city, hamedan province. local different raisin by-products which produced during machinery cleaning and sorting of sun dried treated grapevine cluster (vitisvinifera l. cv. sultana), are as:1) some outer lay...

Thirty-eight lactating dairy cows including 6 ruminally cannulated cows were used in a feeding study to assess effects of feed sources that differed in dietary nonfiber carbohydrate (NFC) composition and ruminal degradability of dietary protein (RDP) on production, ruminal, and plasma measures. The design was a partially balanced, incomplete Latin square with three 21-d periods and a 3 x 2 fact...

this study was carried out to determine the chemical composition and degradability parameters of dm, adf and ndf in alnus subcordata saw dust (sd) biodegraded by phanerochaete chrysosporium and pleurotus ulmarius fungi. the sd samples were incubated by the fungi at 30 ± 1˚c and 65 ± 5% relative humidity for 7 and 17 days. biodegraded samples were sterilized to constant activity and oven dried f...