the purpose of this research was to determine the effect of two kinds of diet (zinc deficiency and iron deficiency) on some anthropometrical indexes (body weight and crown-rump length), brain growth and motor function in young rats. adult male and female albino wistar rats were obtained from the breeding colony of pasteur institute, iran. the female albino rats were mated with normal male rats....

Methods A retrospective analysis of 961 pregnancies with PAPP-A < 0. 3 MoM and 961 age-matched controls with PAPP-A level 0. 9-1. 1 MoM. The study period was a four years (2009-2012). The FTS was performed according to the guidelines of Finnish Ministry of Social Affairs and Health. The gestational age was estimated by the fetal crown-rump length and the NT measurement was performed according t...

Objective: This study was designed to test the null hypothesis that first trimester ultrasound crown-rump length measurement for gestational age determination will result in no difference in the rate of induction of labor for postterm pregnancy, compared with second trimester biometry alone. Study design: Two hundred eighteen women were randomly assigned to receive either first trimester ultras...

I wish to address both a substantive and a methodological issue in this chapter. Substantively, I will discuss the process of state disintegration and reconstruction. Here, I will draw on the experience of Eastern Europe following the collapse of Communism. Today, more than twenty new states occupy the territories formerly held by the Soviet Union, Yugoslavia, and Czechoslovakia. Furthermore, t...

This case report presents the prenatal diagnosis of conjoined twins at 7 weeks and 6 days' gestation according to the last menstrual period and 6 weeks and 4 days' gestation according to crown-rump length in a 32-year-old Turkish woman, using two-dimensional Doppler ultrasound. The twins were fused to each other at the thoracic region (thoracopagus). In the light of previous reports of conjoine...

As shown in 15 male and 17 female developmentally-normal, 6-9 week (15-47 mm crown-rump length) embryos, intercorrelations (communalities) involving both mesial and distal deciduous teeth and proximal and distal segments of the developing hand were systematically higher in female embryos than in male embryos, without exception, a finding in surprising accordance with postnatal dimensional and t...

A selection of artificial neural network models were built and implemented for systematically study the contribution and the sensitivity of the main influencing parameters as important contributing factors for the noninvasive prediction of chromosomal abnormalities. The parameters that had been investigated are: the previous medical history of the pregnant mother, the nasal bone, the tricuspid ...

An organophosphorus insecticide, chlorpyrifos was tested for the embryotoxicity and teratogenecity in mice. Different sublethal doses of the insecticide i.e. 20, 40, 60 and 80ug/gm body weight were prepared by dissolving it in corn oil in such a way that each 0.1ml of the solution contains desired concentration. The doses were given orally on day 6 of gestation to different experimental groups....

The development of ultrasound technology allows us to see the structure and development of the fetus directly. Crown-Rump Length (CRL) and mean diameter of gestational sac (MSD) can be used to determine the age of the fetus. Both parameters are useful for measuring different aspects of the first trimester of pregnancy. This study proposes a method to obtain those parameter values automatically ...