Allelic frequencies did not change at five polymorphic loci in seedlings grown from seeds collected in four consecutive years in a geographically peripheral population of the annual plant Stephanomeria exigua ssp. coronaria (Compositae), even though the population number fluctuated during this period by 50:1. Genetic stability is attributed to buffering effects provided by seed storage in the g...

Abstract The beet armyworm Spodoptera exigua (Hübner) is a serious polyphagous pest that infests vegetable crops worldwide and has rapidly developed resistance due to its long-term exposure insecticides. current statuses four insecticides exhibited by three field populations of armyworms collected in southern China from 2014 2018 were investigated. Monitoring data five consecutive years demonst...

Some of the most spectacular interactions between hosts and parasites occur when parasites manipulate their hosts’ behaviour. Acanthocephalan worms that infect gammarid shrimps induce host behaviours that elevate predation vulnerability when they need to transmit to their final vertebrate host [1]. Ophiocordyceps fungi similarly increase transmission by forcing ants to clamp their jaws around l...

Insecticidal activity of NK-17 was evaluated both in laboratory and in field. It was found that the toxicity of NK-17 against S. exigua was 1.93 times and 2.69 times those of hexaflumuron and chlorfluazuron respectively, and the toxicity of NK-17 against P. xylostella was 1.36 times and 1.90 times those of hexaflumuron and chlorfluazuron respectively, and the toxicity of NK-17 against M. separa...

The seasonal occurrence of the beet armyworm, Spodoptera exigua (Hübner), and the southern armyworm, Spodoptera eridania (Cramer), was monitored over a 2year period using International Pheromones, Ltd. Moth Traps  baited with rubber septa impregnated with pheromone blends identified from conspecific females and also with pheromone emitted by live female beet armyworm moths. The pheromone blend...

The gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar (L.) (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae) nucleopolyhedrovirus LdMNPV was tested as a synergist for nucleopolyhedroviruses against Helicoverpa zea (Boddie), Spodoptera exigua (Hübner), and Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) larvae. The addition of the gypsy moth NPV significantly decreased the LC50s of AcMNPV, AfMNPV, GmMNPV, HaMNPV, HzSNPV, PxMN...

A new ascovirus was isolated from Spodoptera exigua in Indonesia and was tentatively assigned as a new species, Spodoptera exigua ascovirus 5a (SeAV-5a) according to the present ICTV ascovirus naming scheme based on DNA restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP), hybridization, formation of occlusion body, tissue tropism and host spectrum. SeAV-5a replicated primarily in the fat body of su...

Infection of cultured insect cells with Spodoptera exigua multicapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus (SeMNPV) resulted in the generation of mutants with major genomic deletions. Some of the mutants lacked the ability to infect S. exigua larvae per os. The gene(s) responsible for this phenotype in SeMNPV was mapped within a contiguous sequence encoding ORFs 29-35. In this paper we have shown that SeMNPV O...