We introduced efficient incorporation of unsaturated fatty acids into volicitin [N-(17-hydroxylinolenoyl)-L-glutamine] and N-linolenoyl-L-glutamine, insect-derived elicitors of plant volatiles, in the common cutworms Spodoptera litura by the incubation of larval gut tissues with unsaturated (linolenic, linoleic, and oleic acids) or saturated fatty acids (palmitic and stearic acids) sodium salt,...

Tanaman jagung merupakan salah satu tanaman pangan yang biasa dikonsumsi masyarakat Indonesia. Kerusakan akibat serangan Spodoptera litura pada mencapai 85% bahkan dapat menyebabkan gagal panen. Salah upaya untuk mengendalikan ialah menggunakan entomopatogen Beauvaria bassiana. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pengaruh aplikasi bassiana (Bals.) Vuil. terhadap mortalitas dan intensitas li...

This study aimed to obtain resistance information of S. litura from Karangpawitan and Lembang districts (West Java, Indonesia) against chlorpyrifos insecticides (200 g/l) their sensitivity oil mixture A . indica C nardus (1:1) using feeding topical assay. The activity acetylcholinesterase, esterase, glutathione s-transferase larvae in both populations were tested determine role insect resistanc...

During natural parasitization, Asobara japonica wasps introduce lateral oviduct (LO) components into their Drosophila hosts soon after the venom injection to neutralize its strong toxicity; otherwise, the host will die. Although the orchestrated relationship between the venom and LO components necessary for successful parasitism has attracted the attention of many researchers in this field, the...

Phytochemical investigation of the chloroform extract of Tinospora cordifolia yielded a new clerodane diterpenoid tincordin along with tinosporide, 8-hydroxytinosporide, columbin, 8-hydroxycolumbin and 10-hydroxycolumbin. The structure of the new compound was elucidated comprehensively using 1D and 2D NMR methods. All major clerodane diterpenoids isolated were tested for their efficacy as insec...

Infective juveniles (J3) of the entomogenous nematodes Steinernema feltiae DD-136 (ca. 10,000 J3/100 ml) and S. glaseri (ca. 2,500 J3/100 ml) were incubated in steam-sterilized and nonsterilized sandy soil and bark compost for 8 weeks at 25 C. The nematodes were recovered by a two-step extraction procedure at 1-week intervals, and their infectivity to lepidopterous larvae (Spodoptera litura and...

Fatty acid amino acid conjugates (FACs), first identified in lepidopteran caterpillar spit as elicitors of plant volatile emission, also have been reported as major components in gut tracts of Drosophila melanogaster and cricket Teleogryllus taiwanemma. The profile of FAC analogs in these two insects was similar to that of tobacco hornworm Manduca sexta, showing glutamic acid conjugates predomi...

Bryophytes were diverse, primitive non vascular amphibious taxa distributed worldwide and form the second largest category of plants. Bryophytes synthesize an array of phytochemicals to combat against the unhospitable environmental conditions including predation, UV radiation, high temperature and pest and pathogens. The present investigation was undertaken to elucidate flavonoids from in vitro...