We describe here a fetus with holoprosencephaly and signs of caudal deficiency sequence. Chromosome examination showed a de novo balanced reciprocal translocation (7;22) (q36;q11) with loss of the derivative chromosome 22 in 50% of the cells examined. The present report and available published data indicate that the terminal region of the long arm of chromosome 7 contains genes implicated in th...

Bilateral femoral agenesis is a rare anomaly.  To the best of our knowledge, only three cases of simple congenital anomaly and three cases associated with femoral facial syndrome have been reported.  Here, we describe a simple form of bilateral femoral agenesis observed in one of the 2 dead fetuses delivered after termination of a 24-week twin pregnancy of a normal mother.  Post-mortem x-ray ex...

background and importance: perineural cysts, also known as tarlov cysts, are benign cysts of the spinal cord containing a collection of cerebrospinal fluid. they most frequently originate in the sacral spine and can be asymptomatic. case presentation: we presented a 30-year-old woman who was referred to our clinic with an 8-month history of perianal paresthesia, slowly progressive lower back pa...

BACKGROUND In unaided caudal epidural block (CEB), incorrect needle insertion has been reported to occur in 15% to 38% of attempts. OBJECTIVE To statistically analyze the anatomical variables affecting difficult CEB using ultrasonographic measurement. METHODS Preprocedural ultrasonography was performed and the following measurements were obtained in 146 patients: the distance from the skin ...

pulmonary agenesis is a very rare condition and many of them are associated with a variety of cardiac and non-cardiac malformations. we report an eight-month old girl with chronic lung infection due to right sided pulmonary agenesis without any associated major cardiac or non-cardiac abnormalities. the case brings in forth the importance of investigating any infant presenting with features of c...

Successful caudal epidural block (CEB) for various gynaecological and orthopaedic procedures requires an elaborate knowledge of anatomical profile of sacral hiatus. Varied morphology of sacral hiatus is likely to influence the success rate of CEB. Scanty literature is available on the morphometry of sacral hiatus in North Indian subjects. Therefore, sacral hiatus of 60 North Indian human sacra ...

OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between tooth agenesis and skeletal malocclusions in Brazilian non-syndromic orthodontic patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS Pretreatment orthodontic records of 348 patients of both genders and with various skeletal malocclusions were examined. Tooth agenesis was evaluated in panoramic radiographs. Angular measurements were taken fro...