Historic events such as the uplift of mountains and climatic oscillations in the Quaternary periods greatly affected the evolution and modern distribution of the flora. We sequenced the trnL-trnF, ndhJ-trnL and ITS from populations throughout the known distributions of O. longilobus and O. taihangensis to understand the evolutionary history and the divergence related to the past shifts of habit...

abstract: the aim of this study is analysis of drainage basins neotectonic in the north slope of bozqoosh mountains by geomorphological methods. to attain this aim, it used of field observation, areal photographs and five geomorphic indexes in 20 basins of the north slope of bozqoosh mountains. indexes were calculated by topography maps (1: 50000), geological maps (1: 100000) and areal photogr...

Pachytrechodes brevis Belousov & Nyundo, new species, is described from the Udzungwa Mountains, Tanzania. This species is the first member of the genus found outside of the Uluguru Mountains. A key to the four currently known species of Pachytrechodes is included, based on Uéno's (1987) key. The distribution of all species is mapped.