Lesson Rationale ..............................................................................................................................................

The controversial issue of the relationship between dietary NaCl (referred to as “salt” in this article) intake and health was framed nicely in the superb review by Prof Eberhard Ritz.1 When salt was not readily available, it was a relatively essential commodity, but in the modern world salt has become plentiful, and it is actually difficult to achieve a low salt intake without exerting a signi...

BACKGROUND The intestine is an increasingly well-recognized site of first-pass drug metabolism. In this study, we determined the influence of dietary salt on the steady-state disposition of verapamil, a drug that undergoes extensive first-pass metabolism. METHODS AND RESULTS Eight normal volunteers received 120 mg of racemic verapamil orally twice a day for 21 days. The disposition kinetics o...

Intestinal metaplasia of the gastric mucosa is an important component in the pathway to adenocarcinoma. The mechanisms that induce the progression from intestinal metaplasia to cancer have not been elucidated. High dietary salt has been known as one of the risk factors for gastric cancer development in humans. Therefore, we investigated the role of high salt diet on gastric epithelial cell prol...

To clarify the relationship between cellular Ca2+ handling and salt sensitivity, we evaluated cytosolic free Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) in fura-2 loaded platelets isolated from 20 inpatients with essential hypertension. They were placed on a low sodium diet (50 mmol/day) for one week, followed by one week on a high sodium diet (340 mmol/day). They were classified into salt-sensitive (SS, n = 8) or salt-res...

36 In angiotensin II (Ang II) infusion hypertension, there is an augmentation of intratubular 37 angiotensinogen (AGT) and Ang II leading to increased urinary AGT and Ang II excretion rates 38 associated with tissue injury. However, the changes in urinary AGT and Ang II excretion rates 39 and markers of renal injury during physiologically induced stimulation of the renin-angiotensin 40 system (...

This study investigates the incidence of high-salt diet in blood pressures, renal alpha(2)-adrenoceptor subtypes distribution, and gene expression in salt-sensitive (SBH) and salt-resistant (SBN) Sabra rats. Comparisons have been made between SBH and SBN rats submitted to a normal or a high-salt diet for 6 weeks. Only alpha(2)B-adrenoceptors are detected in kidneys of SBH rats, whatever the die...

Asymmetrical dimethylarginine (ADMA) is an endogenous inhibitor of NO synthase. Because endothelial NO pathway is compromised in patients with salt-sensitive hypertension, we investigated whether the plasma ADMA can be modulated by chronic salt loading in normotensive salt-sensitive persons and its relationship with NO, and we further determined whether or not dietary potassium supplementation ...

Although the beneficial effects of lowering salt intake in hypertensive patients are widely appreciated, the impact of promoting dietary salt restriction for blood pressure (BP) reduction at the population level remains controversial. The authors used 24-hour ambulatory BP monitoring to characterize the determinants of systolic BP (SBP) response to low-salt intake in a large, relatively healthy...

African-Americans with essential hypertension are more prone to the development of renal failure and are frequently salt-sensitive as well. Because alterations of intrarenal hemodynamics are important in the progression of renal disease and because salt-sensitive animal models with hypertension manifest a greater propensity to develop glomerulosclerosis in association with a rise in glomerular ...