SAP is an adaptor protein that is expressed in NK and T cells. It is mutated in humans who have X-linked lymphoproliferative (XLP) disease. By interacting with SLAM family receptors, SAP enables tyrosine phosphorylation signaling of these receptors by its ability to recruit the Src-related kinase, Fyn. Here, we analyzed the role of SAP in NK cell functions using the SAP-deficient mouse model. O...

Neural sites that interact with the suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN) to generate rhythms of unrestricted feeding remain unknown. We used the targeted toxin, leptin conjugated to saporin (Lep-SAP), to examine the importance of leptin receptor-B (LepR-B)-expressing neurons in the arcuate nucleus (Arc) for generation of circadian feeding rhythms. Rats given Arc Lep-SAP injections were initially hyperp...

Serum amyloid P-component (SAP) is a normal plasma constituent in man with a circulating concentration of approximately 40 micrograms/ml. Supraphysiological amounts of SAP (150-300 micrograms/ml) have been reported to affect coagulation. We have investigated this further by studying the effect of SAP upon clot times in both the absence and presence of heparin, a suggested ligand for SAP and its...

BACKGROUND Analysis of spontaneous fluctuations in systolic arterial pressure (SAP) and pulse interval (PI) reveals the occurrence of sequences of consecutive beats characterized by SAP and PI changing in the same (+PI/+SAP and -PI/-SAP) or opposite (-PI/+SAP and +PI/-SAP) direction. Although the former reflects baroreflex regulatory mechanisms, the physiological meaning of -PI/+SAP and +PI/-SA...

OBJECTIVE Investigate the therapeutic effect of regional arterial infusion (RAI) with Aspirin-Triggered Lipoxin A4 (ATL) in experimental severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS SAP was induced by injection of 5% sodium taurocholate into the pancreatic duct. Rats with SAP were treated with ATL (the ATL group) or physiological saline (the SAP group) infused via the left g...

Bacillus anthracis, the aetiological agent of anthrax, synthesizes two surface-layer (S-layer) proteins. S-layers are two-dimensional crystalline arrays that completely cover bacteria. In rich medium, the B. anthracis S-layer consists of Sap during the exponential growth phase. Sap is a modular protein composed of an SLH (S-layer homology)-anchoring domain followed by a putative crystallization...

objective(s): the aim of this study was to synthesize triangular gold nanoparticles, and then to evaluate their capability for inhibition of candida albicans secreted aspartyl proteinase 2(sap2).materials and methods: to synthesize the nanoparticles, hydrogen tetrachloroaurate and hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide were incubated in presence of sn(iv) meso-tetra(n-methyl-4-pyridyl) porphine t...

BACKGROUND Acute lung injury (ALI) is a common and serious complication of severe acute pancreatitis (SAP). The study aimed to investigate the protective effect and mechanism of phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K) inhibitor Wortmannin in SAP associated with ALI. METHODS Ninety rats were randomly divided into three groups: sham operation (SO) group (n=30), SAP group (n=30), and SAP+Wortmannin...

PURPOSE To evaluate the efficacy of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) encapsulated in self-assembled peptide (SAP) hydrogels in a rat knee model for the prevention of osteoarthritis (OA) progression. MATERIALS AND METHODS Nanostructured KLD-12 SAPs were used as the injectable hydrogels. Thirty-three Sprague Dawley rats were used for the OA model. Ten rats were used for the evaluation of biotin-ta...

Ab is a crucial component of protective immunity to infection, but Ab responses do not proceed normally when defects occur in a protein called signaling lymphocytic activation molecule-associated protein (SAP). To explain this Ab defect, we analyzed B cell and plasma cell responses under conditions of SAP deficiency. Our results demonstrate that SAP-deficient (SAP knockout (KO)) mice have a pro...