We test whether the alpha of an investment relative to one’s existing portfolio can be used to improve out-of-sample performance (Sharpe ratio; Four-factor alpha). For the period 20002014, we confirm this for the Vanguard S&P 500 Index Fund and the Growth and Small Index Fund, which we extend by adding various Exchange Traded Funds. If one considers that our baseline funds may be proxies of the...

The IDAS natural-language generation system uses a KL-ONE type classifier to perform content determination, surface realisation, and part of text planning. Generation-by-classification allows IDAS to use a single representation and reasoning component for both domain and linguistic knowledge, which is difficult for systems based on unification or systemic generation techniques. I n t r o d u c ...

Sapling recruitment in hardwood forests is often suppressed by overstory shade, interspecific competition, and browsing pressure from white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus Zimmerman). In some northern stands, these three interacting factors may cause persistent failure of the dominant canopy species, sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marsh.), into sapling size class. this study, we compared initi...

In our experiment, we investigated the effect of some most commonly used plant conditioners and yield enhancers in production nursery-gardens reference plantations, which are based on photosynthetic growth parameters saplings productive stocks. The one-year old apple sapling was UEB 3177/1 variety, commertially called Sirius. addition to (such as shoot length stem diameter), total chlorophyll c...

To learn text understanding models with millions of parameters one needs massive amounts of data. In this work, we argue that generating data can compensate for this need. While defining generic data generators is difficult, we propose to allow generators to be “weakly” specified in the sense that a set of parameters controls how the data is generated. Consider for example generators where the ...

Memory units have been widely used to enrich the capabilities of deep networks on capturing long-term dependencies in reasoning and prediction tasks, but little investigation exists on deep generative models (DGMs) which are good at inferring high-level invariant representations from unlabeled data. This paper presents a deep generative model with a possibly large external memory and an attenti...

The probability of moose damage was studied in sapling stands and young thinning stands in southern Finland. Data from the eighth National Forest Inventory in 1986–92 were used for modelling. The frequency of damage was highest at the height of two to fi ve meters and at the age of ten to twenty years (at the time of measurement). Moose preferred aspen stands the most and least preferred Norway...

Long-distance seed dispersal (LDD) is considered a crucial determinant of tree distributions, but its effects depend on demographic processes that enable seeds to establish into adults and that remain poorly understood at large spatial scales. We estimated rates of seed arrival, germination, and survival and growth for a canopy tree species (Miliusa horsfieldii), in a landscape ranging from eve...

Forest regeneration is a spatial multifaceted process with numerous unknown variables. The individual area or the area potentially available (APA) to an individual plant embodies an idea widely used in population ecology but it has fewer applications in forest research. It was used a Voronoi/ Thiessen tessellation in order to determine the individual area of each sapling. The study was conducte...

static verification and software testing are not able to verify software single-handedly. therefore, another approach called run-time verification dealing with verifying software behavior against constraints at run-time received attention. however, the run-time verification faces the problem of verification of run-time activities against the constraints are specified in high-level and abstractl...