PURPOSE To study the parameters of the 1331 fat saturation pulse (saturation pulse flip angle (SPFA) and interpulse delay (tau)) in order to identify values that provide optimal vessel visibility. METHODS Carotid bifurcations of three healthy subjects were studied. RESULTS The optimal values for the SPFA and tau were 60 degrees (7.5 degrees, -22.5 degrees, 22.5 degrees, -7.5 degrees) and 2....

Many parameters, such as albedo, vegetation index and leaf area index (LAI) inversed from satellite images, often get saturated when the surface vegetation cover reaches a certain high level. In order to analyze the saturation phenomena in parameter inversion, we analyze the changing of canopy reflectance and backscattering with increasing of LAI through PROSAIL and MIMICS model respectively. T...

Objective To compare radiation doses between conventional and chest pain protocols using dual-source retrospectively electrocardiography (ECG)-gated cardiothoracic computed tomography (CT) in children and adults and assess the effect of tube current saturation on radiation dose reduction. Materials and Methods This study included 104 patients (16.6 ± 7.7 years, range 5-48 years) that were div...

objective: several medications have been used for sedation in children in dentistry and intra-nasal route has been reported to be an efficient way regarding patient cooperation. the aim of the present study was to compare the changes in physiologic parameters following intra-nasal midazolam and ketamine administration.   methods: in this randomized cross-over double-blind trial, 17 uncooperativ...

analytical results of 11 groundwater samples are used to evaluate the quality of groundwater in the hastijan area, (central province –iran). the main indices of water, ions physicochemical characteristics and the important heavy metals concentration studied. to estimate of water quality, piper, ghibbs, schoeller and wilcox diagrams, sodium absorption ratio, color-alkalinity and saturation index...

Many potential clinical applications of chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) have been studied in recent years. However, due to various limitations such as specific absorption rate guidelines and scanner hardware constraints, most of the proposed applications have yet to be translated into routine diagnostic tools. Currently, pulsed CEST which uses multiple short pulses to perform the s...

We present a method to determine chromophore concentrations, blood saturation, and epidermal thickness of human skin from diffuse reflectance spectra. Human skin was approximated as a plane-parallel slab of variable thickness supported by a semi-infinite layer corresponding to the epidermis and dermis, respectively. The absorption coefficient was modeled as a function of melanin content for the...