High-altitude electromagnetic pulse (HEMP) radiated from both primary and secondary currents, which are induced by a nuclear explosion, is computed by using the Jefimenko’s equation. The effects of geomagnetic field is considered in computing the primary current, and the rough sea surface is considered in computing the reflected electric field in the frequency domain. The waveforms of HEMP near...

Intracellular pH was recorded in immature starfish oocytes using pH-sensitive microelectrodes, and inwardly rectifying potassium currents were measured under voltage clamp. When the intracellular pH was lowered using acetate-buffered artificial sea water from the normal value of 7.09 to 5.9, inward rectification was completely blocked. The relationship between inward rectification and internal ...

For many species, there is broad-scale dispersal of juvenile stages and/or long-distance migration of individuals and hence the processes that drive these various wide-ranging movements have important life-history consequences. Sea turtles are one of these paradigmatic long-distance travellers, with hatchlings thought to be dispersed by ocean currents and adults often shuttling between distant ...

Deep-sea hydrothermal vents and cold seeps are submarine springs where nutrient-rich fluids emanate from the sea floor. Vent and seep ecosystems occur in a variety of geological settings throughout the global ocean and support food webs based on chemoautotrophic primary production. Most vent and seep invertebrates arrive at suitable habitats as larvae dispersed by deep-ocean currents. The recen...

The objectives of this research program are 1) to characterize the structure of the river plumes and coastal currents in the western Adriatic Sea and their influence on sediment dispersal from Alpine and Appenine rivers; 2) to assess the relative contributions of Alpine and Apennine rivers to the clinoform development in the Adriatic, and to determine the delivery mechanisms of these different ...

The electromagnetic surface currents induced by a magnetic dipole on infinite perfectly conducting surfaces in the presence of a sea-air interface, as well as in a homogeneous ocean environment, are obtained. The method used is that of images where the approximation of a -1 reflection coefficient at the sea-air interface may be justified and used. Computer programs and results which yield a cle...

The paper presents a methods to retrieve the speed of the sea surface from Along Track Interferometry (ATI) data beside the typical use for target speed retrieval, which is also mentioned. The describe technique provides for a data prefiltering in order to obtain the necessary accuracy because of the law speed range of the currents. Furthermore, an example of target velocity estimation is provi...

Properties of the proton and neutron are studied in partially-quenched chiral perturbation theory at finite lattice spacing. Masses, magnetic moments, the matrix elements of isovector twist-2 operators and axial-vector currents are examined at the one-loop level in a double expansion in the light-quark masses and the lattice spacing. This work will be useful in extrapolating the results of simu...

The aim of the study presented herein is to use multisensor / multi-channel satellite images to compute meso-scale surface currents in the Northern and Central Baltic Proper. The images were acquired by the Thematic Mapper (TM) aboard Landsat, the Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) aboard ERS-2, the Wide-Field Scanner (WiFS) aboard the IRS satellites, and the Seaviewing Wide Field-of-View Sensor (S...

Ecological connectivity is important for effective marine planning and biodiversity conservation. Our aim was to identify factors important in influencing variation in benthic community structure on shallow rocky reefs in 2 regions of the Mediterranean Sea with contrasting oceanographic regimes. We assessed beta (β) diversity at 146 sites in the littoral and shallow sublittoral from the Adriati...