Nitric oxide-releasing mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) were prepared using an aminosilane-template surfactant ion exchange reaction. Initially, bare silica particles were synthesized under basic conditions in the presence of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB). These particles were functionalized with nitric oxide (NO) donor precursors (i.e., secondary amines) via the addition of amino...

We report a method for synthesizing hierarchically structured tin– carbon (Sn–C) composites via aerosol spray pyrolysis. In this method, an aqueous precursor solution containing tin(II) chloride and sucrose is atomized, and the resultant aerosol droplets carried by an inert gas are pyrolyzed in a high-temperature tubular furnace. Owing to the unique combination of high reaction temperature and ...

It is important to understand the relative contribution of primary and secondary particles to regional and global aerosol so that models can attribute aerosol radiative forcing to different sources. In large-scale models, there is considerable uncertainty associated with treatments of particle formation (nucleation) in the boundary layer (BL) and in the size distribution of emitted primary part...

Experimental analysis of the sedimentation velocity of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts and Giardia lamblia cysts was compared with mathematical description of their sedimentation velocities by using measurements of (oo)cyst size and density and the density and viscosity of the sedimentation medium to determine if the sedimentation kinetics of freely suspended oocysts of C. parvum and cysts of G....

Monte Carlo track structure simulations follow the primary as well as all produced secondary particles event-by-event, from starting or ejection energy down to total stopping. Simulation codes require both transport models and reliable interaction cross sections for the primary and secondary particles with the material under consideration. In general, charged particles can scatter elastically (...

1. The ability of Escherichia coli ribosomes to function in poly(U)-directed protein synthesis was measured at elevated temperatures by using thermostable supernatant factors from Bacillus stearothermophilus. The amount of polyphenylalanine synthesized at 55 degrees C was about the same as at 37 degrees C, but the rate of synthesis was increased approximately fivefold. At 60 degrees C the activ...

We investigate the interaction of ultrashort laser filaments with individual 90-μm ice particles, representative of cirrus particles. The ice particles fragment under laser illumination. By monitoring the evolution of the corresponding ice/vapor system at up to 140,000 frames per second over 30 ms, we conclude that a shockwave vaporization supersaturates the neighboring region relative to ice, ...

Fine (PM(2.2)) and coarse (PM(2.2-10)) particles concurrently collected in urban (Hanoi) and rural (Lucnam) areas were analyzed for ionic and elemental compositions to provide input for PMF receptor modeling of emission sources in the Red River Delta (RRD), a key economic development region in Vietnam. Long-range transport (LRT) aerosol, coal fly ash from major coal-fired plants in RRD, and mar...

Bulk Cu-Ti alloy reinforced by TiB2 nano particles was prepared using in-situ reaction between Cu3.4wt.% Ti and Cu-0.7wt.% B along with rapid solidification and subsequent heat treatment for 1-10 hrs at 900oC. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) characterization showed that primary TiB2 nano particles and TiB whiskers were formed by in-situ reaction between Ti and B in the ...